A. Dietary principles of hyperthyroidism.
1. Avoid iodine: Iodine is an important element in the synthesis of thyroxine. Within a certain limit, the synthesis of thyroxine increases with the increase in the dose of iodine, and if the dose exceeds the limit, the synthesis and release of thyroxine is temporarily inhibited, and the symptoms are rapidly relieved, but this inhibition is temporary. If you take high iodine food or medicine for a long time, the thyroid gland will “adapt” to the “inhibition” of iodine, and the synthesis of thyroxine will be accelerated again, and the accumulation of thyroxine in the thyroid gland will increase day by day. A large amount of accumulated thyroxine is released into the blood, causing the recurrence or aggravation of hyperthyroidism. At the same time, many tests for hyperthyroidism, such as iodine uptake rate and I131 treatment, require iodine prohibition. Feng Huijuan, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University
2. High calorie: It depends on the clinical treatment needs and the patient’s eating condition, generally increasing by 50%-70% compared with normal, and supplying 3000-3500Kcal per person per day.
3.High protein: Generally 1.5-2g protein per kg body weight per person per day.
4, high vitamin: the main supplement B vitamins and vitamin C
5, the right amount of minerals: mainly potassium, magnesium, calcium, etc.
Two, hyperthyroidism patient’s diet precautions.
1. Eat less and more meals, do not overeat. Avoid spicy, tobacco and alcohol.
2.Supplement sufficient water, drink about 2500ml of water every day, avoid coffee, strong tea and other excitatory drinks.
3, appropriate control of high-fiber foods, especially when diarrhea.
4, pay attention to the reasonable combination of nutrients.
5.Forbid to eat seaweed, sea fish, shrimp, crab, sea jelly skin, nori, hairy vegetables and other seafood with high iodine content.
6.Eat foods rich in potassium and calcium.
7.After the condition is reduced, control the diet appropriately.
Third, the main food nutrients.
1, cereals: carbohydrates and B vitamins
2, meat and products: high-quality protein, fat, B vitamins
3.Milk and products: various nutrients in addition to fiber
4, eggs and products: high quality protein, high methionine
5, beans and products: high quality protein, low fat
6.Vegetables and fruits: rich in vitamins.
Note: Within one month after 131I treatment, in consideration of the treatment effect, patients are advised to abstain from eating seaweed, sea fish, shrimp, crab, sea jelly skin, seaweed, hairy vegetables and other seafood with high iodine content, as well as eggs, milk, cola and some traditional Chinese medicine (also high in iodine content); after one month, seafood also needs to be abstained from eating, but eggs and milk can be consumed normally.