I. Sensitive period of child development (0-3 years old) The so-called “sensitive period”?
It refers to the process in which children are driven by their inner life force to concentrate on absorbing the qualities of a certain thing in the environment and repeating them over and over again during the developmental process from 0-6 years old.
After successfully passing one sensitive period, the child’s level of mind rises to a new level and releases a new inner life force into the next sensitive period.
The phenomenon of imprinting The blind toddy
Sensitive periods of child development (0-3 years) 0-2.5 years.
Visual – just born, interested in light and dark places.
Mouth – includes gustatory and tactile processes with the mouth. Use the mouth to feel food, recognize things, and constantly practice using teeth and using the tongue.
Hearing – Enjoys being in an environment with sound.
Hands – like to grasp things, use hands to explore the environment and recognize the world.
Space – Enjoys exploring space, firstly by crawling, grasping, moving objects, etc., and a little older by climbing high, spinning, throwing things, etc.
Sensitive period of child development (0-3 years old)
Tiny things – interested in very small and delicate things.
Order – Anxious to be sick to protect a precise and orderly environment.
Imitation – highest manifested as imitating a word, or a response, repeatedly; also imitates actions.
Self-consciousness – manifested as biting, adults, saying no, etc.
Water and sand play – water and sand can be attractive to children for up to 12 years, with the strongest expression in the first 6 years of life.
Aesthetics – requires food or utensils to be intact.
Sensitive Periods of Child Development (0-3 years) 2 ½ – 3 years
Concept building – Beginning to pair their cognitive senses with language.
Self-awareness emerges – a sense of private ownership emerges, clearly specifying that “this is mine”.
The greatest bodily tool of the oral sensitivity period: the mouth. The main manifestation: constantly exploring and searching with the mouth, grabbing everything and putting it in the mouth.
Time of appearance: 0-1 year old (if lagging, it can be pushed to two years old).
Note: Prepare some toys that can be bitten by the child, wash the toys and let the child play; do not be too demanding on hygiene Hand sensitivity period.
The main performance: grasp, pinch, throw, pluck and pull, press, pull, twist.
Occurrence time: 0 to 2 years old is the most concentrated and typical period.
Precautions.
① Parents should provide their children with more space, the corresponding conditions and environment, permission to use their hands to grasp what they think they like, permission to pinch what they think is appropriate, as long as there is no danger.
② Not allowing the child to move means not allowing the child to think, and the hand is the most important intelligent tool for movement.
Sensitive period of walking.
Main manifestations: crawling everywhere, walking everywhere, grasping everywhere, turning over everywhere.
Emergence time: 8 months to 2 years is the most concentrated and typical period.
Note: Give children the freedom to explore space and allow them to walk freely.
1.Provide as much space as possible, and permit the baby to crawl, walk and touch in life, as long as it is safe to do so.
2, do not be too demanding hygiene, if you are happy to allow your baby to crawl and walk freely, you can change his clothes after he finishes this activity, rather than just looking for a clean place.
3.Don’t put your baby in a stroller and push him around when he enters the sensitive period of walking, let him roam freely in the community.
Sensitive period of fine things.
Main performance: interest in fine things is the child begins to control their hands and eyes to coordinate the work. So a hair on the floor of your home, a small thread on a fabric, etc., will attract your child’s attention, and this is a key point for you to determine this sensitive period for your child.
The time of appearance: one year to one and a half years.
Precautions.
Try not to hinder your child’s exploration while ensuring safety.
The main performance of the sensitive period of space: the position of all the objects in space to move, the inside out, the outside in, the top of the throw down, the bottom of the pick up. At the same time, children also like to move their own position, such as running around, jumping and jumping.
Time of emergence: This sensitive period appears differently at each age of the child, so it is called the spiral sensitive period.
Abundant manifestations of the emergence of the spatially sensitive period.
1.Crawling around, exploring and inspecting.
2.Like to play with bouncing balls.
3.Particularly like beans.
4.Like to jump from top to bottom on low sidewalks, like to go to the park to climb the rockery; like to walk on the road, like to walk on the uneven road.
5.Like three-dimensional puzzle toys, or other items that can be put together. Like to put things in and take things out.
6.Like to play with sofa cushions, one by one upward stacking, so easy to base placed, and then pushed down, and then over and over again, very concentrated, drool to the chest do not know.
7.Like to get under the table, or in a big paper box; also like to stay alone in a space.
8.Attracted by new phenomena.
The main manifestations of the sensitive period of the sense of order.
① crying for the destruction of order II, once order is restored, they will be quiet; ② saying no for the sake of maintaining order II, self-consciousness begins to sprout; ③ being obstinate for the sake of maintaining order, everything has to start again.
Spiral emergence time: 1 year old – 2 years old
Caution.
The main manifestations of the sensitive period of self-awareness are.
① First of all, the child separates himself from the world begins.
②The child must create an autonomous internal management system during these six years, and this system is the ego. At the age of two, the child’s sense of self begins to emerge, starting with the possession of “my” material things, moving to the language of “no” to divorce the difference between “me” and the outside of me, and finally to the distinction between “The child gradually creates this self, establishing an emotional, sensory, mental, cognitive, and spiritual inner environment, creating a consciously independent self. A self that is independent and autonomous in consciousness Emergence: 2 years old – 6 years old Notes.
II. Basic needs of child development What do children need for development?
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
Physiological needs Safety needs Belonging and love needs Respect needs Self-actualization needs I. Basic needs of child development Montessori.
A prepared environment?
Building life takes time, tenacity, patience, confidence, self-sacrifice, love and effort. Life is not a problem waiting to be solved, but a cloud of secrets in which one must live.
– Kierkegaard (philosopher)
Basic needs of child development 12 basic needs of children.
Physiological needs.
Sleep, safety, food, space, light, nature, air, companionship, water.
Relational needs.
Activity, comfort, loving-kindness If a child’s most basic needs are not met at a young age, we develop like one of two directions: one is to withdraw or close oneself off; the other is to be aggressive and attack others.
Reflected in adult interaction patterns
The basic psychological needs of child development.
First, people need to be valued and noticed.
Self-confidence, self-affirmation, and self-esteem are all included within the most basic need, to be valued. “I am loved, I have value”.
Second, people need to feel safe: what does it mean to feel safe? No danger, no threat.
Third, people need to be accepted.
Fourth, people need to love and be loved.
Five, people need to be appreciated.
Sixth, people need rules.
Husserl’s words.
1. Don’t think that it is your responsibility to make your child what he or she is, and don’t grasp every minute to “educate” him or her.
2. Learn to appreciate your child’s growth, observe and enjoy the new facts of development that emerge each week and each month.
3. Respect your child’s actual level, and be patient when he or she is not yet mature.
4. Don’t always think about the next step in development, but let you and your child fully experience the fun of each stage.