Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary, COPD) need to strengthen their respiratory muscles and can perform respiratory gymnastics exercises according to local conditions. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease tend to mobilize the supplementary respiratory muscles to participate in the respiratory process due to the downward shift of the diaphragm, reduced contraction efficiency, as well as increased airway resistance and reduced effective compliance of the chest and lungs. Therefore, even in quiet conditions, the breathing of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is often dominated by upper thoracic activity. In acute exacerbations, the role of the supplementary respiratory muscles becomes more pronounced. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, breathing is often superficial and short, and this superficial breathing, mainly chest breathing, does not ensure effective lung ventilation, but also easily causes respiratory muscle tension, increases oxygen consumption, and induces respiratory muscle fatigue. Using the diaphragm to do deep and slow breathing can change the unreasonable shallow and rapid breathing with the participation of auxiliary respiratory muscles to improve tidal volume, reduce ineffective dead space, increase alveolar ventilation, improve gas distribution, reduce respiratory power consumption and relieve shortness of breath symptoms. Therefore, the focus of respiratory gymnastics is to train abdominal breathing. Abdominal breathing is mainly a kind of breathing by contraction of the abdominal muscles and diaphragm, and the key is to coordinate the activities of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles in the respiratory movement. Inhalation relaxes the abdominal muscles, the diaphragm contracts and shifts downward, the abdominal wall bulges; exhalation, the abdominal muscles contract, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its original position, the abdomen is concave, increasing the volume of exhalation tidal gas. Respiratory exercise, as far as possible to reduce the intercostal muscles and auxiliary respiratory muscles to do work, so that they remain relaxed and rest. According to the condition, the exercise can be done in the lying, sitting or standing position. If you take the recumbent position, the two knees can be padded with soft pillows, so that they are semi-flexible, and the abdominal muscles are relaxed. First of all, the whole body muscles should be relaxed, including the tense auxiliary respiratory muscle groups. Since the external manifestation of abdominal breathing is the bulging and sinking of the abdomen, the patient should be taught to pay attention to the movement of the abdomen during breathing. The left and right hands are usually placed on the upper abdomen and anterior chest, respectively, to facilitate observation of thoracoabdominal movements. That is, with one hand pressed on the upper abdomen, when exhaling, the abdomen sinks and the hand is slightly pressurized to further increase the intra-abdominal pressure and prompt the diaphragm to lift up; when inhaling, the upper abdomen counteracts the pressure of the hand and rises slowly. In this way, the patient can understand whether the thoracoabdominal activity meets the requirements by feeling the hand, and pay attention to timely correction. Requirements: resting breathing, inhalation through the nose, exhalation from the mouth, breathing gas should be slow and even, inhalation can see the upper abdomen bulge; exhalation can see the abdomen depression, while the thorax keep the minimum activity or not moving. Gradually extend the exhalation time, so that the ratio of inhalation and exhalation time to 1:2 ~ 3. Initial abdominal breathing exercise, 2 times a day, each time 10-15 min. after the mastery of the action, can gradually increase the number of times and each time the time. And as the condition allows, in the lying, sitting or standing position and walking, anytime and anywhere to exercise, and eventually form an unconscious habit of breathing. Of course, it is best to exhale through the lip contraction in the abdominal breathing exercise.