There are two main categories of factors that should be considered in the clinical picture of cough with chest pain. One category is the inflammatory reaction of the upper respiratory tract caused by the infection of specific pathogens, such as mycoplasma, chlamydia, rickettsia, etc., which can manifest as a persistent, dry cough, easily accompanied by chest pain. The other type of inflammatory reaction is more intense, and the upper respiratory tract infection may have complications, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, or even lung abscess, etc. In this case, the inflammatory reaction of the lungs may be characterized by chest pain, severe cough, accompanied by coughing up pus, and even a tendency to increase body temperature. For the clear cause and condition, timely symptomatic treatment and anti-pathogenic treatment can be given.