Symptoms and management of common body surface tumors (II)

Cystic tumors and cysts: 1. Dermoid cysts: cystic teratomas, superficial ones occurring at the tip of the eyebrow or at the skull bone crevice, which can traffic with the intracranium. The treatment is surgical excision. 2, Sebaceous cyst: non-genuine tumor, obstructed excretion of sebaceous glands resulting in retention cysts. Mostly seen in the dense distribution of sebaceous glands: head, face and back. On the surface, small black spots of sebaceous gland openings can be seen. Inside the capsule for sebum and epidermal keratinization of the collection of oil-like “dregs”, easy to secondary infection with strange odor, to be given after infection control surgical resection. 3, Tendon sheath cyst: non-genuine tumor, caused by superficial bursa through slow strain. It is common in wrist, dorsalis pedis tendon or around joints. It is hard. It can be broken by pressure or injected with hydrocortisone acetate or surgically excised by extracting the cystic fluid, but all of them are easy to recur. Breast tumor 1. Breast fibroadenoma: It is a common breast tumor in women, and the high incidence age is 20-25 years old. It occurs in the upper outer quadrant of the breast and can be single or multiple. Patients often have no obvious symptoms except lumps. The lumps enlarge slowly, have smooth surface and are easy to push. Although it is benign, the possibility of cancer is small, but it is possible to change from internal tumor, and surgical excision is the only effective method. 2. Intraductal papilloma: Commonly found in women who have given birth, and it is common in 40-50 years old. The vast majority of them occur in the juxta-papillary part of the large milk ducts near the nipple. The tumor is small in size, with a tip and villi, and there are many thin-walled blood vessels, so it is easy to bleed. Papillomas occurring in the small and medium-sized milk ducts are often located in the peribreast area and are usually asymptomatic, but only noticed because of nipple discharge. The overflow may be bloody, dark brown or yellow fluid. It is generally benign, but there is a certain percentage of malignant changes. Pathologic examination should be routinely performed, and radical surgery should be performed if malignancy is present.