The cause of abdominal distension in the small abdomen should be clarified and targeted treatment should be carried out. It is commonly caused by pelvic inflammatory disease, especially in female patients, who will be accompanied by fever and even obvious abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, which will lead to aggravation of symptoms after eating. After diagnosis, intravenous anti-infection treatment should be carried out promptly, applying penicillin sodium combined with metronidazole intravenously. During the treatment period, liquid and easily digestible food should be the mainstay, avoiding overeating and overeating, which can easily aggravate the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and induce an increase in abdominal distension.