Advances in plastic surgery techniques, especially the further refinement of autologous tissue transplantation, have greatly improved the quality and shape of reconstructed breasts. The success of breast reconstruction relies on close cooperation between plastic surgeons, oncologic surgeons, medical oncologists, oncologic radiologists, pathologists, nurses and other team members such as psychologists. Early diagnosis and early treatment not only greatly increases the survival rate of patients, but also gives patients and physicians a variety of treatment options, greatly improving the quality of patient survival. The patient’s condition and the means of local management directly affect the choice of reconstructive approach. The plastic surgeon is primarily responsible for: 1) reconstruction and shaping after mastectomy; 2) improving the morphology of partially excised breasts; 3) applying plastic surgery principles to expand the indications for conservative breast therapy; and 4) planning breast surgery in a three-dimensional quadrant. Immediate autologous tissue breast reconstruction after mastectomy, partial mastectomy, prophylactic mastectomy and prosthesis removal is a safe and feasible method. It does not interfere with the diagnosis of local recurrence or the outcome of other adjuvant treatments. Immediate breast reconstruction is a one-time procedure that reduces the length of hospital stay and costs for the patient, eliminates the psychological pain of losing a breast, and results in a better shape of the reconstructed breast. In the last decade, the use of modified radical surgery for stage I and II breast cancer patients has been greatly reduced, with more use of breast preservation plus local radiation therapy. Partial excision, prophylactic excision, and skin-preserving mastectomy have created the conditions for breast reconstruction, making the reconstructed breast look more natural and realistic. The natural and symmetrical breasts with reconstructed nipples and areolas are the best treatment for breast cancer patients in terms of physical and psychological aspects as they regain their self-esteem and self-confidence. The general awareness of reliable and credible knowledge of breast reconstruction will in turn encourage more women to take the initiative to care for their breasts and be brave enough to undergo early examination, early diagnosis and early treatment. This will also have a positive impact on society.