Clinical manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder

  OCD is a group of neurological disorders with obsessive-compulsive symptoms (mainly including obsessive-compulsive ideas and compulsive behaviors) as the main clinical manifestation. The incidence of 1-3% in the population, if you have the following symptoms, you should be highly suspicious of whether you are suffering from OCD.  1, obsessive-compulsive ideas: refers to thoughts, representations, emotions or intentions that repeatedly enter the realm of the patient’s consciousness. These are not realistic, unwanted or superfluous to the patient himself. The patient is also conscious that this is not right and knows that these are his own mental activities, which he would like to get rid of, but is unable to do anything about it, and thus feels very distressed.  2.Obsessive emotions: certain uncontrollable and necessary worries appear, such as the fear that he will break the law if he loses self-control, will commit immoral acts or mental disorders.  3, compulsive intention: the patient repeatedly experiences a strong inner urge to do some kind of action or behavior against his or her will, and the patient knows that it is impossible to do so and tries to control himself or herself not to do it, but he or she cannot get rid of this inner urge. For example, the urge to cut oneself with a knife, and the urge to throw a child down when standing on a high place while holding the child, will occur. Although this intention is very strong and makes the patient deeply nervous, worried and distressed, it is never put into action.  4. Compulsive recollection: The patient repeatedly recalls things done or people seen in the past, exam questions or music or stories heard, etc. If interrupted by various factors in the process of recollection, the recollection must be started from the beginning, otherwise there is inner irritation and anxiety. In some cases, this is manifested by the repeated presentation of figurative content, such as images of genitalia or sexual acts appearing frequently in the mind. In a few patients, the outward projection of the representations forms pseudohallucinations.  5. Compulsive exhaustion: Patients think about a certain thing or a certain problem for a long time, such as “why are the leaves of trees green”, “where do people come from”, “why is the sky blue? ” etc. Sometimes the patient knows that this kind of thinking is meaningless, but cannot control himself not to think.  6. Compulsive doubt: It is doubting what one has just said or done. Children often doubt whether they have completed the homework assigned by the teacher, whether they have made mistakes, and whether they have brought all the books for class. In adults, they often doubt whether the doors and windows are closed when they go out, and they are not sure even though they have checked them over and over again; for example, when they send a letter, they doubt whether the envelope is misaddressed or whether a stamp is affixed. Doubt is often accompanied by anxiety and anxiety, which leads to repeated checking behavior. The patient also knows that it is unnecessary, but cannot get rid of it.  7. Compulsive oppositional perceptions: Every time a patient has a perception, another perception appears that is completely opposed to it. For example, if the patient thinks of “peace”, he immediately associates it with “war”; if he sees “support”, he immediately thinks of “defeat”. etc. The content of the opposing idea is mostly bad, if it involves parents, the elderly, great people, then feel very afraid.  8, compulsive association: when the patient sees or hears a certain thing or word, there are associations related to this. For example, if you see a banknote, you will immediately think about how many hands the banknote has passed through, how many germs it will carry, whether it will transmit diseases, etc. The more you think about it, the more nervous you are, and you can’t control it because of repeated associations. In the purchase of things must also put on gloves to pay, feel distressed.  9, obsessive-compulsive examination: is the patient to reduce the obsessive suspicion caused by the anxiety and anxiety measures, such as repeatedly check whether the doors and windows are closed when going out, repeatedly check the contents of the letter to see if the wrong word when sending letters, etc..  10, compulsive washing: common compulsive hand washing, laundry, etc.  11.Obsessive ritual actions: Patients always do some fixed actions with symbolic nature, trying to alleviate or prevent the anxiety caused by obsessive-compulsive ideas, such as clapping the chest with the hand to show that it can turn good luck, etc.  12, compulsive questioning: OCD patients often do not believe in themselves. In order to eliminate the anxiety caused by doubt or exhaustion to the patient, often repeatedly ask others to give explanations or reassurance in detail. Some patients can be manifested in their own minds, self-questioning, repeatedly, to enhance self-confidence.  13. Compulsive counting: When patients see certain specific objects (such as electric poles, steps, cars, license plates, etc.), they cannot restrain from counting.