Today, I saw a message from a patient with aortitis and felt the need to briefly talk about aortitis. Aortitis is a type of systemic vasculitis, and its incidence is generally not high, but it is easy to misdiagnose and mistreat, delaying the disease and eventually leading to irreversible and serious consequences. The disease is commonly seen in young women, with onset in the early 20s. Fever and arthralgia may be present, and blood tests may reveal significantly elevated sedimentation. The typical lesion is inflammation of multiple large arteries throughout the body, as well as late inflammation leading to arterial narrowing or even occlusion. If you suspect aortitis, you can go to rheumatology or vascular surgery, and you can check CTA (i.e. CT artery imaging), which is more convenient; you can also do angiography, which can usually make a clear diagnosis. Treatment relies mainly on hormones, but can also be combined with other immunosuppressive agents, such as cyclophosphamide injections, depending on the patient’s specific situation. Once delayed, aortitis can lead to arterial stenosis or even occlusion, both of which are irreversible. If there are symptoms of associated inadequate blood supply, catheterized balloon vasodilatation or stent implantation will be required for treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are of utmost importance. I once saw a patient with aortitis, a beautiful little girl, who was found to have hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis 1 year ago and had vasodilation but no further examination. When she came back to our department 1 year later, it had led to multiple arterial stenosis all over her body, which is very unfortunate because the renal artery stenosis 1 year ago already suggested aortitis, but at that time, no attention was paid to it and no corresponding treatment was given, which further led to occlusion of other arterial stenosis, and we can only stop further arterial stenosis if we start treatment again now, but there is nothing we can do about the stenosis already caused.