Trigeminal neuralgia, which is known as the “number one pain in the world”, is now recognized by the medical community as being caused by the compression of the trigeminal nerve by an adjacent blood vessel. This blood vessel can be an artery or a vein. At the same time, there are a few cases due to herpes zoster virus infection, intracranial and cranial tumors, vascular malformations, arachnoid adhesions, multiple sclerosis and skull base malformations. Occasionally, trigeminal neuralgia due to cerebral infarction is also seen in patients who come to our hospital for treatment. Finally, a familial genetic cause cannot be excluded. In one family, 6 out of 7 siblings had trigeminal neuralgia, 2 of which were bilateral, and in another family, the mother and 3 out of 6 children had trigeminal neuralgia, 2 of which were bilateral. So, how do these aforementioned etiologies cause trigeminal neuralgia? The more recognized theory among domestic and foreign scholars is the short-circuit theory. The trigeminal nerve is compressed by blood vessels or other damage and undergoes demyelination (myelin is the outer protective layer of nerve conduction fibers), which weakens the protective inhibitory effect of the original nerve bundle and causes a “short circuit” between two adjacent fibers. A slight tactile stimulus can be transmitted to the center through the “short circuit”, and the nerve impulse from the center can become an efferent impulse through the “short circuit” to reach the threshold of the nociceptive neuron and cause pain. To use an analogy, a nerve is like an electric wire used in our daily life, which transmits the instructions from the center to each household by electric current. Under normal circumstances, the outside is wrapped with an insulating layer (myelin sheath) and the electricity does not leak out. However, with the increase of years of use, the insulation layer aging (the vast majority of trigeminal neuralgia patients are elderly), or because of some external factors, such as tree branches, birds and other pressure, resulting in damage to the insulation layer, the wire may short circuit, the occurrence of electric sparks, the performance of this spark in the human body is severe pain. Meanwhile, it is also believed that trigeminal neuralgia is caused by a central brain seizure, which may be a sensory seizure. The fact that the seizures of trigeminal neuralgia have trigger points, sudden onset, short duration, and effective antiepileptic drugs supports this view, in addition to the EEG abnormalities in some patients. So, what other factors in life are associated with trigeminal neuralgia? How to try to avoid it? 1, control blood pressure: blood vessels are like water pipes, the higher the blood pressure, the harder the walls of the tubes, and once the arc is formed, the tension generated will be greater. In this case, if the blood vessel is close to the trigeminal nerve, it is very easy to cause compression damage to the nerve and trigger trigeminal neuralgia. 2, avoid mental stimulation: the more afraid of headache the more painful the head, research has found: under the same pain stimulation, emotional sedated people than emotional tension of the pain response light. At the same time, climate change can also lead to trigeminal neuralgia. Being blown by the wind, or hot and cold at first, may make the pain intensify. 3. Reduce touching the “trigger points”: About half of the patients have one or more particularly sensitive “trigger points” on the face, which can be touched by slight inattention and cause pain and radiation to the whole body. The location and size of each person’s “trigger point” varies, even as small as a point or a whisker, mostly in the lips, nose, cheeks, corners of the mouth, tongue and eyes, etc. 4, do not eat irritating food: too cold, too hot or irritating food can also trigger trigeminal neuralgia. Nicotine from cigarettes can cause blood vessels to constrict, and drinking strong tea to excite the nerves can trigger small artery spasms. Dried cheese, cured fish and pickles contain more tyrosine, and ham contains nitrites, which can cause cerebral vasodilation and stimulate nerves leading to painful attacks. In addition, seafood, eggs, milk, chocolate, beer, coffee, oranges and tomatoes can also lead to the dysfunction of cranial vasodilation and contraction. 5, to ensure normal nutritional intake: many patients due to the “trigger point” in the corner of the mouth, usually afraid to talk, afraid to eat, afraid to drink water, the body lacks the necessary nutrients, triggering pain. This, coupled with irritability, is likely to aggravate the symptoms. Nerve is a burning and sugar-consuming tissue, if lack of vitamin B1, it will cause lactic acid to accumulate and invade the brain, poisoning the central nervous system and weakening the ability of brain tissue to consume oxygen, causing temporary spasms.