Pediatric obesity is now a fairly common disease, will bring about the development of children, and for their health is also quite serious, so we should know more about the disease knowledge.
1.What people are considered obese?
Obesity refers to the accumulation of excessive body fat.
Weight is an important indicator of obesity, and weight and height, so express the relationship between height and weight commonly used body mass index that weight (kg) / height (m 2), according to the results of the survey, children’s normal body mass index of 15.5 ~ 21.2; 15 ~ 19 years of age, the normal body mass index of young men and women 18 ~ 22; 20 years of age or more for 20 ~ 24. If the body mass index of childhood ≥ 21, 15 ~ 19 years old ≥ 22 or 20 years old and above ≥ 24, is overweight; such as children’s body mass index more than 22, 15 ~ 19 years old more than 24, 20 years old and above more than 26, is obese.
2, obesity is not a disease?
No matter what kind of disease, in the early stage is often not found or attention. Obesity is a disease, it is not only manifested as the physical bloating and bulky, but also will bring a variety of harm to human health.
Modern medicine has clearly pointed out that: simple obesity is a chronic disease caused by excessive nutrition, insufficient exercise and behavior deviation and other non-endocrine metabolic reasons that long-term energy intake is greater than consumption and leads to excessive total adipose tissue in the whole body. Its diagnosis standard: when the body fat content exceeds 15% of the standard, that is, obesity. This value is about 20% of the standard weight if calculated by body weight.
In the hospital outpatient treatment, it is not uncommon to see pediatric hypertension, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver complicated by obesity, which usually also brings mental pain and psychological problems to the children, and is a prelude to adult-onset obesity, and is a preparatory stage for entering adult-type diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, gallstone disease and other diseases. Therefore, in 1997, the World Health Organization in the world obesity conference clearly pointed out that obesity has become a global epidemic affecting human health, will be a disaster for mankind.
3.What harm does obesity do to the human body?
In recent years, the incidence of simple obesity in China’s children has increased the trend, the detection rate of obesity in school students reached 3% ~ 7%, simple obesity of children developing into adults obesity than non-obese children 2.3 times higher, the occurrence of obesity in early childhood high-risk groups, with the potential risk of developing into hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, myocardial infarction, fatty liver, cirrhosis of the liver in adulthood.
Children with obesity have impaired cardiopulmonary function and feel shortness of breath and panic at the slightest activity. Due to the heavy weight of the lower extremities load, easy to cause knee deformity (knee valgus or knee inversion). Some scholars of children’s simple obesity blood cholesterol, triacylglycerol measurement, the results of its concentration is significantly higher than normal children, its insulin level is also significantly higher than normal children, the above results suggest that obese children have the potential to develop into atherosclerosis and the risk of diabetes.
4, obesity will affect the intelligence of children?
The answer is yes. We often encounter a lot of such obese children in life, the original academic performance at the top of the class, and then with the gradual aggravation of obesity, the results also gradually decline. This is due to the aggravation of the obesity degree has caused the brain cells and its surrounding tissue fat infiltration, directly affect the brain function, make the intellect diminish; At the same time because of the heavy obesity causes the lung compliance to decline, the lung capacity to reduce, make the lung ventilation function is insufficient, lead to the body long-term oxygen supply is insufficient, carbon dioxide retention, children often feel tired and weak, drowsy, in class attention is not concentrated, and make the academic performance decline.
Because the obese students’ intelligence is affected, make their cognitive ability, discriminatory ability, arithmetic ability, hands-on ability and thinking agility are lagging behind normal children, all of these have been unable not to draw the attention of parents and school teachers.
5, why most obese children love to eat and unwilling to exercise?
In daily life, most obese children are reluctant to move more, and especially like to eat sweets, this phenomenon has two reasons can explain.
First of all, good food and less movement is caused by obesity of the hospital, due to long-term over-eating and too little exercise habits, so that the daily intake of caloric energy is always more than the daily consumption, accumulation, excessive intake of soup and fat can not be used or consumed by the body, are stored in the body in the form of fat, so that the body gradually fat. And because more food makes the blood glucose concentration increase, stimulate insulin secretion increase, which makes the body of the child’s anabolic than normal children, so the amount of food also increased further, thus falling into the vicious circle that leads to obesity.
Secondly, after fat children generally do not want to exercise more, it is because the obese children’s chest, abdominal wall fat tissue accumulation, thoracic and diaphragm movement is restricted, after a little activity, there will be shortness of breath and fatigue and other symptoms, because the children in the exercise of the lungs can not be effectively ventilated, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood rose, oxygen concentration decreased. More serious can appear cardiac insufficiency and appear heart panic, sweating, etc., making obese children more afraid of sports.
6.What is the principle of treatment of simple obesity in children?
Has been identified as simple obesity of children, should actively take effective treatment measures, the principle is: first of all, to attract the attention of parents, must carefully cooperate with the scientific guidance of specialist physicians, reasonable dietary control, develop high protein, low calorie nutrition recipes, change bad habits, strengthen physical exercise, and actively treat the complications that have appeared, such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, etc..
Patiently explain to the obese child the importance of correcting obesity and encourage him/her to build up confidence in weight loss and be persistent. In short, without affecting the growth and development of children on the basis of reducing excessive fat storage in the body, that is, to make these small fat pier both tall and thin, so as to achieve a reasonable and healthy weight loss purposes.
7.How to control weight?
(1) Provide a lower-calorie diet every day, change eating habits, increase vegetables, fruits, coarse grains and mixed grains. Avoid high-calorie diets, such as fried foods, chocolate, sweets and sugary drinks.
(2) Behavior change, change the habit of eating too fast and swallowing, and eat less or no snacks.
(3) Continuous reinforcement of correct eating behavior, self-monitoring, increased physical activity, and even psychotherapy.
(4) Appropriate and short-term with medication.