Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications in patients with diabetes, and it has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. The incidence of diabetic neuropathy varies widely, with several large follow-up studies and several other studies showing that at least 20% of people with a 20-year history of type 1 diabetes have diabetic neuropathy; at least 10-15% of people with type 2 diabetes have distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) by the time they are diagnosed, and in people with a 10-year history, the incidence of DSPN is even higher at 50%. The prevalence of DSPN is even higher at 50%. It is important to achieve early detection and prevention to improve the quality of life of patients. Diabetic neuropathy can be caused by diabetes, and according to its location and function, diabetic neuropathy can be divided into two categories: central and peripheral neuropathy, the latter being particularly common. Cranial neuropathy: There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, most of which can be affected by diabetes. The manifestations of cranial nerve damage include inability to lift the upper eyelid, impaired eye movement, double vision, hearing loss, and distortion of the mouth and eyes. Sensory neuropathy: Diabetic sensory neuropathy is very common, mainly manifested as peripheral neuritis, which sometimes causes great pain to patients. The symptoms of peripheral neuritis are pain and numbness in the limbs, and when the pain is severe, some patients lose the courage to continue living; abnormal sensation, such as burning sensation, ankylosis, and tactile hypersensitivity, but really suffer from high temperature. Some patients may have abnormal sensation, such as burning sensation, ankle sensation, tactile allergy, but they cannot feel normal sensation when they are exposed to external stimuli such as low cold or stabbing injury, and they cannot take self-protective measures immediately; some patients may describe that they have “no roots under their feet”, “like stepping on cotton” and fall easily. Motor neuropathy: Compared with sensory nerves, motor nerve involvement is relatively rare, mainly manifested as vascular neuropathy, such as general weakness, muscle atrophy. Limb pain, etc. Occasionally, single nerve paralysis causes limb paralysis in patients, and most patients can disappear their symptoms after active treatment. Autonomic neuropathy: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is also very common. Patients often complain of profuse sweating, especially profuse sweating of the head, face and trunk, not much sweating of the extremities, but profuse sweating after eating or a little activity, and some patients sweat half of the body; abdominal distension, fecal disorders, diarrhea and constipation alternately; upright hypotension, patients often have high blood pressure when lying down, and blood pressure drops when standing up, or even dizziness and falling; urination disorders, or There is difficulty in urination, or dripping urine; impotence and infertility are also common. These symptoms are all related to diabetic neuropathy. 2, treatment and prevention The incidence of diabetic neuropathy is very high, unfortunately, treatment, especially the eradication of diabetic neuropathy is quite difficult, so the main thing to prevent diabetic neuropathy is to prevent its occurrence and development. Specific methods include: The first is to control diabetes to slow down the progression of diabetic neuropathy. The relationship between blood sugar level and the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy is extremely close. Of course, how well diabetes is controlled sometimes does not parallel the rate of progression of diabetic neuropathy, and because of differences in genetic characteristics, the neuropathy of better-controlled patients is not necessarily less severe than that of less-controlled ones. In other words, there is no comparison between people, but for each patient, good control of diabetes is certainly beneficial to the prevention and treatment of diabetic neuropathy. The second is to control blood pressure, blood lipids, blood viscosity, and weight. Antioxidant drugs for pyruvate dehydrogenase system cofactor lipoic acid is an antioxidant commonly used in clinical practice. 600mg/d for 2~3 weeks can improve the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, accompanied by improvement of neurological function. The third is to improve neurotrophic drugs, using larger doses of vitamins. Such as B vitamins, vitamin C and vitamin E, especially methyl B12 may help. In recent years, some people advocate aldose reductase inhibitors or gangliosides to improve neurophospholipid metabolism, reduce the production of sorbitol, improve nerve conduction speed, and fundamentally solve the problem of diabetic neuropathy, which may have good effect. The fourth is the use of vasoactive substances that improve microcirculation. This is because it is thought that microangiopathy on the nerve trunk is one of the pathological bases for diabetic neuropathy. Treatments such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, hexoketocine; platelet aggregation inhibiting drugs such as aspirin and cilostazol; and herbs that activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Prostaglandin E is a stronger vasodilator, 10~20ug/d, in an IV pot, 2 weeks as a course of treatment, which has a certain relief effect on numbness and pain of diabetic neuropathy. In this regard, Chinese herbal medicine may play a greater role. The current efficacy is certain and there are no toxic side effects. Mudan granules open up a new prospect for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Improve numbness, effective bouts of pain, repair damaged nerves, improve nerve conduction speed, rapid elimination of symptoms three days to take effect, symptom relief efficiency of 93% safe and effective, suitable for long-term use The fifth is symptomatic treatment. To minimize the pain caused by diabetic neuropathy to patients. Symptomatic treatment includes relieving pain, alleviating numbness, avoiding upright hypotension, and regulating bowel movements. Treating impotence well, etc. These issues are also mentioned in the section on medication. In recent years, some hospitals have been treating neuropathy patients with nerve decompression, making small incisions in the armpits and legs, which can achieve good relief of numbness in the hands and feet. Gastrointestinal nerve complications are more common in diabetic patients, manifesting as reduced peristalsis in the esophagus and gastrointestinal tract. Emptying time is prolonged, and gastric bradycardia can occur in severe cases. The latter can cause nausea, postprandial epigastric distention and vomiting, and due to impaired absorption, patients’ blood sugar is often difficult to control, with recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Many patients complain of abnormal stools, mostly constipation, but also diarrhea, or alternating diarrhea and constipation, which makes the patients at a loss for words. The principles of treatment for diabetic digestive lesions, like other chronic complications, include diabetic control, treatment of diabetic vascular neuropathy, symptomatic treatment, and surgical treatment when necessary.