Depending on the degree of amblyopia and the nature of the gaze, different treatment methods can be chosen as follows.
I. Central gaze amblyopia
Traditional treatment usually uses the method of occlusion (conventional occ-iusion) to cover the healthy eye under the premise of refractive correction, forcing the amblyopic eye to gaze, and combining with fine visual work such as tracing, threading needles and beads at home to promote visual acuity improvement. With the advancement of technology, multimedia network visual training is usually used.
Paracentral Gaze Amblyopia
Some scholars advocate that the dominant eye masking method should be used. They believe that the amblyopic eye can automatically change paracentral gaze to central gaze and improve visual acuity after being forced to be the gaze eye. Some scholars also advocate that the paracentral gaze should be changed to central gaze before surgery. The following methods are used to maintain an orthogonal gaze after surgery.
1, vision enhancement therapy: the use of a flash device after the image of the mirror, with a strong beam of light irradiation outside the macula retina (false macula), flash stimulation before the mirror with a diameter of 3 degrees or 5 degrees of black dots to cover the macula area, do not make the macula by strong light, and then asked the patient to look at the white screen black “+” the center of the point, to produce a negative after image, that is, see After several times of treatment, the paracentral gaze will be changed into central concave gaze to achieve the purpose of vision enhancement. During the treatment period, the amblyopic eye must be covered until the central sulcus gaze is re-established, and when the visual acuity increases to 0.6~0.7, binocular vision training or surgical correction of eye position can be carried out with the same vision machine.
2, grating stimulation therapy: black and white stripes of different spatial frequencies or training after surgical correction of eye position. Stimulation therapy machine, the easiest way to make the visual nerve axons get activated.
Stimulation therapy machine has a rotating grating, above a transparent pattern plate, so that the child cover the healthy eye in the process of depicting interesting patterns to receive the background potential grating stimulation, so that the visual excitement, to achieve the therapeutic effect, after treatment without covering the healthy eye.
Third, red filter therapy
As the cone cells in the canonical spot area are more sensitive to red light, so adding a red filter film (wavelength 620-760mm) on the amblyopic glasses and covering the dominant eye at the same time can promote the transformation of paracentral gaze into central concave gaze, and when the nature of gaze changes, the red film can be canceled and the treatment can be continued with the traditional covering method.
Wandering and macular paracentral gaze eyes are particularly suitable for red film therapy.
Fourth, suppression therapy
In 1958, Psandl and Pouliquen introduced this method respectively. The principle of treatment is to use optical and pharmacological methods to reduce the vision of the dominant eye, while promoting the function of the amblyopic eye, because there is no need to cover, the child is easy to accept, the following methods are often used.
1. Inhibition of near vision in the dominant eye: The method is 1% atropine daily in the dominant eye, corrective lenses, and overcorrected +2.00D lenses in the amblyopic eye, forcing the amblyopic eye to read or do near work alone, for those with severe amblyopia, with or without paracentral gaze.
2.Inhibit the dominant eye to see far: the method is 1% atropine drops daily in the dominant eye, wear overcorrected +3.00D lenses, can only see near, the amblyopic eye wear corrected lenses, forced to see far alone, applicable to mild amblyopia or to prevent the recurrence of amblyopia and treat abnormal retinal correspondence.
3.Selective repression: The method is to order atropine in the dominant eye, wear corrective lenses, and give overcorrection +2.00D in the amblyopic eye with bifocal lenses to induce looking at near and eliminate regulatory internal strabismus, the indications are that the amblyopia has been basically corrected, but there is a regulatory collecting process to look at near with internal strabismus.
4, alternate suppression: the method is with two glasses, a fusion to make the right eye overcorrection +3.00D, another pair to make the left eye overcorrection +3.00D, no drops of atropine drops, daily alternate glasses, indications for both eyes vision has been basically equal, but the abnormal retinal correspondence has not been corrected; or for some reason can not be operated, for young children strabismus at the early stage can prevent amblyopia and the occurrence of abnormal retinal correspondence.
Treatment of amblyopia
First step: Correction of refractive error
Patients with amblyopia who have refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism should first be fitted with optical correction eyes and should insist on prescription lenses.
The second step is to cover the healthy eye moderately
Moderate coverage of the healthy eye can eliminate the dominant eye’s inhibition of amblyopic glasses and force the amblyopic eye to exercise.
Step 3: Consistently use the New Vision amblyopia treatment device
Using the amblyopia treatment device to stimulate and exercise the amblyopic eye is the basic method of treatment for amblyopia.
Food therapy and prescriptions for amblyopia patients
Eat more animal food, such as: animal liver, eggs, fish, milk, crustaceans, root food, green vegetables. Fresh fruits.
Recipe 1: 2 tablespoons of cooked peanut kernel powder, l egg, 1 cup of milk, 2 tablespoons of honey. Whisk the egg, rinse into boiling milk, add peanut kernel powder, leave to warm and add honey for consumption. Take daily for breakfast.
Recipe 2: 9 grams of Radix Codonopsis Pilosulae, 6 grams of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, 30 grams of pig liver. Cut the pig liver into slices, and then with the party ginseng. Put the Chen Pi into a pot together, add an appropriate amount of water, decoct for 30 minutes, eat the pig liver and drink the soup. Finish it in two portions daily.
Recipe 3: 30 grams of mung beans and 60 grams of millet. Slowly cook the porridge and eat it for breakfast, add 2 tablespoons of honey when eating.
4. 15 grams of wolfberry, 20 grams of red dates, 2 eggs, add water and boil, eat the eggs and drink the soup, once a day.
5, Cordyceps 10 grams, chicken 200 grams, add water and stew, seasoning, eat meat and drink soup, once a day.
6, 100 grams of wolfberry leaves, 200 grams of pig liver, stewed with water, seasoned and eaten, once a day.
7, 5 grams of vermilion, 100 grams of chicken liver, add water and stew, season and eat.