Portal vein thrombosis is relatively common in clinical practice and can lead to portal vein spongiform degeneration if not treated aggressively. Both of these conditions are currently difficult to treat clinically, especially the latter, and the regression of the disease is often fatal with gastrointestinal haemorrhage. The causes of morbidity are mostly cirrhosis, splenectomy, tumors, drugs and coagulation disorders. Treatment is difficult because internal anticoagulation and thrombolysis are often ineffective and tend to progress to spongiform degeneration. Surgical procedures are also often ineffective, and even liver transplantation is affected by intravascular thrombotic mechanization. Interventional approach is simple and easy, not only for diagnosis, but also for complete cure of the disease by intubation directly into the portal vein to retrieve emboli, thrombolysis, fragmentation and stenting.