There are three main treatments for hyperthyroidism in Graves’ disease, including medical antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment, iodine-131 treatment, and surgical treatment. Internal antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment is relatively mild, and the dosage can be adjusted in time during the treatment. The first disadvantage is that the treatment duration is long, usually requiring standardized treatment for 1-2 years; during the treatment period, internal medicine can cause damage to liver, kidney function and hematopoietic system and it is often difficult to adhere to it once it occurs. One of the disadvantages of medical drug treatment is that hyperthyroidism is easy to recur when stopping or reducing the dosage, and the recurrence rate of medical drug treatment has been reported to be around 40-60%. Iodine-131 treatment is easy to administer, usually only one dose, and hyperthyroidism symptoms begin to improve about 4 weeks after treatment, with a 75-80% remission rate of hyperthyroidism in about one year. The enlarged thyroid gland will be significantly reduced in size, making it more aesthetically pleasing from a cosmetic point of view. Iodine-131 treatment does not cause damage to liver, kidney function and hematopoietic function. Therefore, it is suitable for those hyperthyroid patients whose liver and kidney functions are abnormal or blood cells are lowered due to internal medicine treatment. Some patients whose symptoms do not improve significantly or whose relief is incomplete after six months of iodine-131 treatment may be retreated with iodine-131 again. A major complication of iodine-131 treatment is hypothyroidism. Studies have shown that hypothyroidism occurring within one year of iodine-131 treatment (early-onset hypothyroidism) can return to normal in some people through thyroid hormone replacement therapy; however, hypothyroidism occurring after one year of iodine-131 treatment (late-onset hypothyroidism) tends to require a longer period of time or lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Surgery is usually used to treat hyperthyroidism with subtotal thyroidectomy, especially suitable for patients with thyroid enlargement with protruding eyes and hyperthyroidism with nodules, but its shortcomings are traumatized, with surgical incision scars on the neck, which is not very beautiful from the point of view of cosmetic surgery; in some individual cases, it may result in laryngeal recurrent nerve damage and hoarseness in speech; and it may result in hypoparathyroidism and hypocaloric convulsion, and other complications of surgery. Some patients still have recurrence of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism after surgery.