Advantages: 1. Holmium laser is the most widely used laser for in vivo lithotripsy, forming tiny vaporization bubbles at the end of the optical fiber, which rupture centripetally and produce shock waves to break up the stones. The laser energy is only absorbed by the substrate in the 0.4 mm area around the fiber, and there is generally no secondary tissue damage. Holmium laser has accurate target, safe, reliable, little secondary damage and short hospitalization time. Indications for ureteroscopic lithotripsy: 1.Ureteral stones in the middle and lower segments, drug treatment is not effective. 2.Ureteral stones in the upper segment with long residence time, possibly with ureteral edema and stone impaction, invalidated by extracorporeal lithotripsy. Indications for percutaneous nephrolithotomy for stone extraction: 2. Kidney stones that are not suitable for the application of extracorporeal lithotripsy, or kidney stones for which extracorporeal lithotripsy is not effective. Cast stones or multiple stones can be removed by percutaneous nephrolithotomy first, and then extracorporeal lithotripsy can be performed for residual stones. 2. Symptomatic calcium stones. 3.Ureteral stones above the level of the 4th lumbar vertebra, with long obstruction combined with hydronephrosis. 4.Kidney stone combined with pelvic ureteral junction stenosis. 5. Residual stones after open surgery.