In clinical practice, for non-small cell lung cancer patients with oligometastases, there are sometimes questions such as: Is local radiotherapy still necessary at this time? Does it make sense? Before answering this question, and with respect to the NCCN guidelines, let’s review the 2017 edition of the section on radiotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 1. Advanced/Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Stage IV) (1) Radiotherapy is recommended for the relief or prevention of local symptoms (e.g., pain, bleeding, or obstruction). (2) For those who have received radiotherapy for intrathoracic disease and have good PS scores, some patients who receive local radical radiotherapy for isolated or few metastases (oligometastases, including but not limited to brain, lung and adrenal glands) can achieve prolonged survival. (3) For radical radiotherapy of oligometastases, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR; also known as stereotactic radiotherapy, SBRT) is a more appropriate option, provided that the involved portion can be safely treated with radiotherapy. The NCCN guidelines affirm the role of radiotherapy for oligometastases in lung cancer, but care should be taken in the selection of the patient population. How exactly is it chosen? This is a question that is not clearly answered in the guidelines. 2.Advanced / palliative radiotherapy (1) For palliative radiotherapy, the dose and the number of fractions need to be individualized according to the treatment purpose, symptoms, physical status and other conditions. (2) The effect of short course radiotherapy on pain relief is similar to that of long course radiotherapy, but short course radiotherapy is more likely to be re-treated and is more suitable for patients with poor general condition and/or short life expectancy. (3) Higher doses/longer courses (e.g. ≥ 30 Gy/10f) of chest radiotherapy may improve survival and chest symptoms appropriately, especially in patients with good general condition. (4) When higher doses (e.g. >30 Gy) of chest radiotherapy are required, the irradiation of normal tissues should be minimized (3D-CRT, IMRT or proton therapy can be used). 3.Dose of palliative radiotherapy Having said that, what is the specific prescribed dose? From the guidelines, radiotherapy occupies a very important position in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.