Radiotherapy and surgery are both local treatment, but radiotherapy is not restricted by anatomical structure, so patients who cannot be operated can choose radiotherapy, or those who cannot tolerate surgery due to medical diseases can choose radiotherapy, therefore, radiotherapy has wider indications than surgery. Radical radiotherapy is mainly relying on radiotherapy to cure tumors, such as nasopharyngeal cancer and cervical cancer after stage II, which cannot be removed cleanly by surgery due to complicated anatomical structure and the risk of surgery is high. Early radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer can cure the tumor while preserving the function of pronunciation. 2.Pre-operative radiotherapy Pre-operative radiotherapy is a course of radiotherapy before surgery, and the number and dose of radiotherapy are determined by the radiotherapist according to the condition. The number of times and dose of radiotherapy will be determined by the radiologist according to the condition. Pre-operative radiotherapy can shrink the tumor and improve the resection rate. Pre-operative radiotherapy can also reduce the tumor activity, reduce the tumor metastasis and improve the survival period, and pre-operative radiotherapy can reduce intraoperative bleeding for tumors with rich blood supply. 3.Post-operative radiotherapy is to irradiate cancer cells that cannot be seen by the naked eye after surgical resection of tumor, and it starts 2 weeks after surgery, depending on the location and type of tumor. 4.Palliative radiotherapy For advanced tumors causing pain and compression symptoms, radiotherapy can shrink the tumor and reduce the symptoms, such as radiotherapy for vertebral metastasis can reduce pain and paraplegia, etc.