Esophageal cancer, is a malignant tumor that is very complicated to treat. Its occurrence is usually related to poor dietary and living habits, including smoking, drinking, hot and spicy food, long-term stimulation by ammonium nitrite compounds, nutritional deficiency, environmental, biological and genetic factors. Due to the different stages of tumor, the treatments for esophageal cancer will also be very different. Generally, doctors will formulate a reasonable individualized plan according to the specific conditions such as clinical staging, site of lesion, scope of invasion, and general status of patients. As far as different stages are concerned, for patients with early esophageal cancer, radical radiotherapy and surgery have similar effects, while patients with intermediate and advanced stages often choose preoperative radiotherapy or radical radiotherapy. In terms of different locations, cervical and upper thoracic esophageal cancers are more risky for surgery and radical radiotherapy should be preferred, while the efficacy of radiotherapy and surgery for lower and middle thoracic esophageal cancers are similar, so patients can consider the choice according to their own specific conditions after consulting with professional doctors. Although most patients still take surgery as the first choice for esophageal cancer treatment, there are still many patients who choose radiotherapy in their first treatment due to various reasons. Radiotherapy has been used in clinic for decades, which is another localized treatment besides surgery. In the past 10 years or so, due to the development of science and technology, radiotherapy has now shifted from two-dimensional to three-dimensional and from blurring to precise era, and it has become one of the main methods of esophageal cancer treatment. However, some radiotherapy patients may still have local side effects, which are related to the irradiated volume and dose in the formulation of the plan. For example, radiation esophagitis occurs, mostly in the middle and late course of radiotherapy, manifested by a burning sensation behind the sternum, pain in swallowing, and worsening of dysphagia. Perforation of the test tube may occur, and choking, sputum, chest and back pain, fever and other symptoms are often seen before perforation. Tracheal reaction, which is mostly characterized by an irritating dry cough or sputum that is not easily coughed up. Distant side effects, such as radiation pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis, esophageal stenosis, etc., may also occur. Therefore, patients are recommended to choose professional oncology hospitals and radiotherapy departments for consultation and consultation, firstly, the doctors who make the plan are experienced, and secondly, they have the most advanced equipments, which are incomparable with ordinary hospitals. Previously, the efficacy of esophageal cancer was limited, and the 5-year survival rate was only 20-30%. In recent years, the efficacy of esophageal cancer has been significantly improved by strengthening multidisciplinary collaboration, adopting comprehensive treatment modes such as concurrent radiotherapy and preoperative radiotherapy, etc. In addition, through the introduction of top-notch radiotherapy equipments and international leading technologies, the damage to normal tissues is greatly reduced while the killing effect of tumors is increased.