Eyes are the windows to the soul, without words, you can get a lot of information from your eyes alone. Imagine adding a thick layer of lenses to your big beautiful eyes, what else can others see, and how much inconvenience it will bring to your life. So love your eyes and prevent myopia, from a young age, start early.
I. Prevention of myopia
Myopia does not deny that there are genetic factors, but the vast majority of acquired factors, so the prevention of myopia is very important.
1, to prevent excessive eye use: experts believe that close reading or eye work, usually should not exceed 1 hour, such as too long should be interval rest 10 minutes, while with the far outlook and eye massage, so that the ciliary muscle to get appropriate rest, reduce or eliminate eye fatigue. This phenomenon is more common among students, who spend too much time reading and have heavy learning tasks, which requires extensive attention from schools and society.
2, develop good eye habits: when working or reading at close range should be posture upright, so that the eyes and reading objects to maintain between 30 ~ 50cm, try to avoid lying down, walking, when riding in a car, as well as strong light or dull light reading books.
3.Strengthen the vision adjustment training: when reading for a long time, blink 10 times every hour, and then close your eyes for a moment, which can be done repeatedly.
4.Choose reasonable light and lighting: light is best from the left front, reading matter should be clear handwriting, contrast. Desks or writing desks to meet the physiological height, the desktop should be slightly inclined.
5, pay attention to diet to increase nutrition: usually develop good eating habits, do not be partial diet, maintain a nutritional balance, appropriate supplementation of high protein and sufficient vitamins and trace elements.
6.Establish an eye care system: Schools should develop a strict eye care system, regularly check vision, actively treat other eye diseases, and take timely measures for changes in vision.
II. Treatment of myopia
1.Optical correction: Before prescription, go to a regular medical unit for optometry, the difference in refractive error between the two eyes should not be greater than 3.0D, if there is a contradiction between corrected vision and refractive error, the appropriate refractive error should be taken, and the best corrected vision should not be forced. The prescription should be the smallest number of degrees to obtain normal vision as a principle, that is, low degree correction. The next step is to measure the pupil distance, choose the right lens and frame, and ensure that the optical center of the lens is consistent with the line of sight. After the appropriate glasses are prepared, they should be worn frequently to avoid taking them when worn, in order to maintain good vision and normal adjustment.
2.Medication for myopia
(1) Paralyze the ciliary muscle, improve the adjustment function, reduce eye fatigue drugs, commonly used clinically are tropicamide, tropicamide and other eye drops.
(2) Drugs to reduce intraocular pressure, increase scleral strength and slow down the growth of the eye, such as thiamoxinan eye drops, etc.
(3) Systemic medications for pathological myopia, such as vitamins A, B, D, E, calcium, vasodilators, trace elements, etc.
3.Surgical treatment
(1) Radial keratotomy: This method makes a non-penetrating radial keratotomy in the peripheral part of the cornea and cuts the corneal annular ligament, which can reduce the corneal curvature and thus achieve the purpose of myopia correction.
(2) Excimer laser curvilinear keratomileusis: this method excimer laser irradiates the cornea, breaks the molecular chain of corneal tissue, excludes it after vaporization, flattens the central cornea, reduces the corneal refractive power and corrects myopia.
(3) Excimer laser in situ keratomileusis: Excimer laser is used to make a corneal lamellar incision at the anterior tip of the cornea to remove a certain amount of cornea, which flattens the central cornea and reduces the ability to bend light, thus correcting myopia.
In conclusion, regardless of the method of treatment, there are strict indications and contraindications, in addition to long-term efficacy is not yet certain, to fundamentally solve the problem of myopia, we must focus on prevention.