There are three main treatments for hyperthyroidism: anti-thyroid medication, isotope iodine 131 therapy and surgery. Each of these three treatment methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. They should be selected based on a comprehensive analysis of factors such as the cause of hyperthyroidism, the patient’s age, the size of the thyroid gland, the history of recurrence of hyperthyroidism, the presence of pregnancy, the presence of proptosis, the presence of hyperthyroid heart disease, the patient’s attitude toward treatment, and the patient’s medical condition. However, drug therapy has a long course of treatment and is prone to relapse, and a few of them may cause side effects such as granulocyte deficiency and liver function damage. In contrast, although the one-time cost of isotope treatment is higher, the total cost is not high, and long-term follow-up is not required, which is simple and convenient. It is simple, convenient and effective. However, there is a possibility of hypothyroidism. Patients with hyperthyroidism who have a very obvious enlargement of the thyroid gland or suspected thyroid tumor should be actively treated with surgery.