Vaginitis is the inflammation of the vagina. The vagina of normal healthy women has natural defenses against pathogenic invasion due to the characteristics of its anatomical organization. For example, the vaginal opening is closed, the front and back walls of the vagina are close together, the vaginal epithelial cells are proliferated and the surface cells are keratinized under the influence of estrogen, and the vaginal pH is balanced so that the reproduction of pathogens adapted to alkalinity is inhibited, while the cervical mucus is alkaline. It is caused by sexual intercourse or contact with contaminated clothing, and is characterized by itchy vulva, excessive leucorrhea and odor. Gynecological examination: leucorrhea is thin and foamy, purulent or yellowish green, sometimes with a foul odor, the vaginal wall is congested with scattered bleeding spots, the cervix is congested with bleeding spots. Leukostatic laboratory test for trichomonas (+). Treatment: Oral metronidazole tablets and intravaginal metronidazole suppositories. Avoid drinking alcohol during medication, treat sexual partners at the same time, and boil underwear for 5-10 minutes to eliminate trichomonas. Review after menstruation. 2. Vulvovaginal pseudomycosis (VVC) is commonly known as mycosis fungoides, which is an infection by Candida albicans. It can reside in the vagina and is an opportunistic pathogen. It is easily contracted in cases of decreased body resistance, prolonged oral antibiotics, pregnancy, tight-fitting chemical fiber clothing in humid weather, heavy use of immunosuppressants (cortisol hormones), and diabetes. It is a common form of gynecological vaginitis and about 75% of women have contracted it during their lifetime. It is characterized by itchy vulva, burning pain in the vulva and vagina, and increased leucorrhea. Gynecologic examination: the vulva and vaginal walls are congested with blood, and a large amount of white thick tofu-like leucorrhea is seen inside, sometimes attached to the vaginal walls in a layer. Leucorrhoea laboratory test for mycobacteria (+), culture results for Pseudomonas albicans (80-90%) and the rest of yeast (10-20%). Eliminate the causative factors: such as timely discontinuation of antibiotics, cortisol hormone and estrogen, good control of blood sugar in diabetics, avoid wearing tight fitting chemical fiber clothing in humid weather conditions. Male sexual partners are generally not easy to get fungal infections in the genitalia, no need for routine treatment, usually can wash more attention to hygiene. If there are fungal infections of the head and foreskin, they need to be treated. Bacterial vaginosis is caused by dysbiosis of the vaginal flora, resulting in the multiplication of Gardnerella and anaerobic bacteria, and is characterized by leucorrhoea (fishy odor). Gynecological examination reveals a large amount of leukorrhea in the vagina, which is thin and off-white in color. Leucorrhoea laboratory test: clue cells (+), positive for sialoglucosidase. 4. gonococcal and chlamydial infection vaginal cervicitis is a sexually transmitted disease, mostly transmitted by impure sexual activity. The manifestations are increased vaginal discharge, vulvar itching, vulvar-vaginal burning, urinary frequency and painful urination, etc.; gynecological examination: vaginal wall and cervical congestion and edema, vaginal discharge is yellowish-purulent. Culture of vaginal secretions may show gonococcus or chlamydia. Treatment: gonococci should be treated with sensitive cephalosporins; chlamydia should be treated with macrolides or tetracyclines. 5. Atrophic vaginitis, commonly known as senile vaginitis, is an inflammatory disease of the vagina that occurs in the elderly due to the decline of estrogen after menopause, which leads to the atrophy of the vaginal wall and the thinning of the mucous membrane and the decrease of resistance to bacterial growth. The main symptoms are vaginal dryness and burning discomfort, increased vaginal discharge, yellowish and thin, sometimes purulent or bloody leucorrhea. Gynecological examination: the vaginal wall is congested with blood, scattered bleeding spots, sometimes superficial ulcers, yellowish and thin leucorrhea, sometimes purulent.