Heavy menstruation, dripping, irregular uterine bleeding, and postmenopausal bleeding are abnormal and require immediate diagnostic attention. The cycle of normal menstruation is a complex series of hormones mediating the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian-uterine functions. Normal menstrual bleeding occurs as a result of the shedding of the endometrium and as a result of hormonal changes that occur when there is no pregnancy. Regular menstrual cycles are epidemiologically statistically spaced 24-35 days apart, while the normal flow of menstrual blood lasts 3-7 days, and the actual total amount of menstrual loss is 20-60 ml. The most common cause of abnormal bleeding in women of reproductive age is pregnancy complications, and important differential diagnoses include ectopic pregnancy versus gestational trophoblastic disease (staphyloma and choriocarcinoma, etc.), infection with retention of pregnancy products and endometritis often bleeding after delivery or for a short period after abortion. Cervical lesions causing post-coital bleeding: bleeding includes cervical cancer, cervical lesions, cervicitis, cervical or endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids of the cervix (causing bleeding during menstruation, excessive or frequent menstruation) and acromegaly of the cervix. Uterine adenopathy is now more common and tends to occur in the later years of reproductive life. Excessive menstruation and dysmenorrhea are the main manifestations. Gynecological examination and ultrasonography suggest a uniformly enlarged uterus. The presence of fibroids can cause any type of bleeding, and the location and size of the fibroids cause different symptoms. Endometrial polyps can cause constant bleeding after menstruation. Functional ovarian tumors are more common >50% of patients have menstrual abnormalities. Cystic masses >5 cm that persist for >3 months and solid tumors >3 cm require surgical treatment. Any postmenopausal woman with uterine bleeding must be excluded from gynecologic malignant disease. The most common benign conditions causing postmenopausal bleeding are atrophic vaginitis, atrophic endometrium, endometrial polyps and endometrial hyperplasia. The incidence of organic causes of abnormal uterine bleeding, the presence of organic diseases, including vaginitis, cervical tumors, uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, increases gradually with age. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding. It may be due to medication, central nervous system lesions such as pituitary tumors, hypothyroidism or abnormal adrenal function. Thyroid dysfunction can be combined with abnormal menstruation. It can cause excessive menstruation, but more commonly, menorrhagia and amenorrhea. Ovarian ovulation abnormalities can cause irregular menstruation and dripping bleeding. Mental stress and bad habits can also cause irregular menstruation. Combined internal diseases: primary or secondary blood disorders with abnormal coagulation can cause abnormal bleeding. If a woman of childbearing age has irregular bleeding 1. exclude pregnancy; 2. exclude organic lesions: cervical lesions, uterine fibroids, endometrial lesions, etc. with benign and malignant possibilities; 3. exclude medical comorbidities. Do the relevant examination, are normal to consider functional bleeding, can hormone therapy.