Little Jiaojiao was found to have a congenital common bile duct cyst during her fetal life. Less than two months after her birth, she developed red and yellow urine, white stools, yellow sclera of her eyes, and swollen abdomen. Because the child was too young and had several fevers after admission, the possibility of surgery became a priority for all parties. Surgery is the only way to cure congenital common bile duct cyst, also known as congenital cystic dilatation of the common bile duct, which is divided into cystic type and shuttle type, is the most common congenital biliary malformation in clinical practice. When children suffer from this disease, they have recurrent abdominal pains, some of which last for months or even years, and there is a cystic smooth mass in the right upper abdomen or on the right side of the abdomen; it is often accompanied by jaundice, and may also be accompanied by fever, nausea, vomiting, anorexia and other symptoms. Some parents do not pay enough attention to the disease and are anxious when their children have abdominal pain, but once the abdominal pain improves, they take it lightly and ignore it even if they are told that they should have early surgery; while some parents are prejudiced against surgery, thinking that their children are too young and weak to have surgery. Parents are reminded that congenital common bile duct cyst should be operated early once it is diagnosed. Delayed surgery not only increases the pain of the child, but also may lead to cholangitis, pancreatitis, rupture of the cyst, and even cirrhosis or even cancer if left untreated. Therefore, surgery should be performed as soon as possible when the child is physically fit, and surgery is the only way to cure the disease. Laparoscopic surgery is safe and effective because the common bile duct is adjacent to the hepatic artery, gastroduodenal artery, portal vein, duodenum, pancreas and other important blood vessels and organs, and damage to any of these tissues will be detrimental to postoperative recovery and even serious complications. The surgical result is not only related to the level of the surgeon, but also has a significant relationship with the choice of surgical method. For the treatment of congenital common bile duct cysts, there are two options: traditional open surgery and laparoscopic surgery. The traditional open surgery is very disturbing and traumatic to the abdominal organs of the child, with heavy postoperative pain and slow recovery, and it leaves a scar about 10-15 cm long under the right upper abdominal rib arch of the child, which affects the aesthetics. Laparoscopic surgery, on the other hand, has clear anatomy due to 5-10 times magnification of tissue structures, less interference with organs and more accurate hemostasis; only four small holes are left in the abdominal wall after surgery, and there are no obvious scars after healing. It has many significant advantages such as light trauma, little pain, quick recovery and short hospitalization time. Since the incidence ratio of male to female is 1:4, with females significantly higher than males, the advantage of no scarring after healing is especially important for many female children.