Macular fissure can be caused by various reasons, such as traumatic macular fissure, macular fissure caused by the anterior retina, macular fissure caused by long-term macular edema, etc. Idiopathic macular fissure is the most common and was once treated as an incurable disease. It was not until 1991 that the first case of macular fissure treated by vitrectomy was reported. Since then, the surgical approach has been continuously improved, among which the inner boundary membrane peeling surgery is a breakthrough in the history of idiopathic macular fissure surgery, which has greatly improved the postoperative visual acuity of patients and the anatomical healing rate of the fissure. The current standard surgical procedures include: vitrectomy, posterior vitreous cortex peeling, anterior retinal peeling, inner boundary membrane peeling, complete gas-liquid exchange, gas filling and postoperative prone position. The success rate of macular fissure surgery is about 80%, and most of the vision after surgery is between 0.1-0.4, some of the early fissures will have better vision after surgery. If macular fissure is not operated, the visual acuity may be between 0.05-0.1, and usually will not be totally blind or have retinal detachment. However, regular review is required.