Atrial septal defect belongs to a kind of congenital heart disease. If atrial septal defect of 5mm is not serious, because atrial septal defect below 5mm is a tiny defect, it has no special effect on human hemodynamics, and if there is no symptom, it can be conservatively reviewed regularly. If there is chest tightness, shortness of breath or even a decrease in activity tolerance, treatment is required. In terms of treatment, interventional blocking of atrial septal defects can be performed, and surgical repair of the defect can also be performed. The next treatment plan is determined by the location and typing of the atrial septal defect based on the evaluation of the electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound.