The allergic disease process in children is the progression from atopic dermatitis in infancy to allergic rhinitis and asthma in childhood. Allergic diseases tend to have a developmental pattern, with the main allergic problems occurring in infancy being allergies to foods such as milk, eggs, legumes, fish, and shrimp, with symptoms such as atopic dermatitis and gastrointestinal symptoms. With age, allergic rhinitis and asthma become major problems. Due to the complexity and variety of risk factors for all allergic diseases, the allergic process is not a simple developmental process, and its development is closely related to genetic and environmental factors. Attention should be paid to the relevance of allergic diseases in clinical work and timely and correct intervention in the development of allergic processes. Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as hereditary allergic eczema or atopic dermatitis, is a chronic, recurrent, pruritic, inflammatory skin disease that is genetically linked with a predisposition to produce high levels of IgE and is easily associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis. It is the most common skin disease in infancy and childhood. A survey showed that the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children aged 3-6 years old in Shanghai reached 8.3%, and the onset of atopic dermatitis accounted for 60% of the cases in the first six months after birth, and even in the first week after birth, and 90% of the affected children can be onset at the age of 5 years. Infantile rash can occur as early as about 1 month after birth, or even earlier, the onset of the site is usually the face, especially the cheeks and forehead. It begins as acute erythematous macules and papules, and at its peak, the damage on the cheeks may merge into a large, edematous rash that rises significantly above the skin. The course of the disease is chronic, with mild cases resolving gradually after 6 months, with the redness and swelling subsiding, and the damage drying out to a point where there is no longer a thick crust, but only a thin crust and scales, and resolving by the age of 1 year; more severe cases resolving by the age of 2 years, and more severe cases continuing to develop into childhood. Atopic dermatitis may be accompanied by a range of characteristic skin changes, including dry skin syndrome, cracks at the base of the ears, ichthyosis, pachydermosis, perifollicular keratosis, a tendency to skin infections (especially Staphylococcus aureus and herpes simplex virus infections), and non-specific dermatitis of the hands and feet, which are signs that can help in the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. It is important to note that the skin lesions of infantile eczema are similar to those of atopic dermatitis, but there is no specific site of onset and there is often no family history of atopic disease. Atopic dermatitis is one of the allergic diseases, and about 50% of children may develop allergic rhinitis or asthma at the onset or as they grow older. Oral antihistamines and topical anti-inflammatory medications should be prescribed as a rule, as well as the necessary environmental allergen avoidance and related life and skin care.