I. Adult deafness For adult deafness patients, avoid the use of ototoxic drugs; stay away from noise; keep a happy mood, avoid excessive tension and fatigue; reasonably match nutrition, avoid high cholesterol and high fat diet; avoid smoking and alcohol; often participate in cultural and sports activities to enhance physical fitness; regular physical examination, monitor blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar, actively prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases, etc., all of these may reduce the occurrence and These may reduce the occurrence and development of deafness. Traditional medications, such as antioxidants, vasodilators, nerve-nourishing drugs, and vitamins, may also help restore hearing or prevent its development in the early stages of deafness. For patients whose medications are ineffective, a detailed medical history should be taken to understand the cause, age and duration of deafness, and a comprehensive evaluation of their hearing condition, language development, cognitive level, family economic status, etc., and then appropriate interventions should be selected for the patient, such as hearing aid fitting, artificial middle ear implant, cochlear implant, etc. Aging is a law of nature that cannot be reversed, and so far, there is no exact and effective way to reverse this law. Age-related deafness is a natural aging process, which is an irreversible degenerative change, and there are no drugs that can stop or reverse this process, i.e., it cannot be cured. There are individual differences in age-related deafness, and attention to physical health care may help to slow down the development of hearing loss in the elderly. However, for elderly deaf patients whose quality of life is affected by hearing impairment, pharmacological treatment has little success. Typical age-related deafness cannot be cured by medication, so once diagnosed, the only way to get improvement is through hearing rehabilitation interventions. Hearing rehabilitation for senile deafness includes assessment, diagnosis and treatment of the patient’s hearing condition and related medical, speech, language, communication, cognitive and psychological impairments, followed by selection of appropriate interventions such as performing hearing aid fitting, cochlear implantation, etc. The cochlear implant is a high-tech biomedical engineering device developed internationally in recent years, which is the most effective and the only means to treat patients with severe sensorineural deafness. The basic principle is to use electrodes implanted in the cochlea to bypass the damaged part of the inner ear and stimulate the auditory nerve directly with an electric current, which is not possible with traditional hearing aids. More than 90,000 people worldwide have benefited from cochlear implants, and a significant number of them are middle-aged and elderly patients. Most of these patients are post-lingually deaf, and clinical observations have shown that most post-lingually deaf patients can reap good results and return to the world of sound in a relatively short period of time after surgery. Since the effect of cochlear implantation is closely related to the duration of hearing loss, if the hearing loss is prolonged and the degenerative loss of the auditory system is aggravated, the effect of the surgery will be directly affected, and it will also make post-operative rehabilitation more difficult. Therefore, cochlear implants should be considered as soon as possible when a patient is determined to be unable to benefit from traditional hearing aids. There is no clear age limit for the surgery, and all patients who are in good health and can tolerate general anesthesia can have the surgery. 4. Can adhere to the auditory training. In conclusion, in the face of hearing and communication disorders in young and middle-aged deaf patients, the ultimate goal of choosing the appropriate medical treatment, whether it is medication, optional hearing aids or cochlear implants, is to improve the patients’ hearing, enhance their communication ability, and thus improve their quality of life. Therefore, the development of hearing aid fitting technology, cochlear implant technology and hearing and speech rehabilitation technology is very important for the treatment and rehabilitation of deafness, and the popularization and application of these technologies will definitely benefit more deafness patients. We are looking forward to the use of stem cell therapy and gene therapy in the future to create a new chapter in the treatment of deafness.