Myopia is a condition in which external light enters the eye and the imaging focus is in front of the retina, resulting in unclear vision at a distance. Low myopia is usually below 300 degrees, moderate myopia is between 300 and 600 degrees, and high myopia is above 600 degrees. High myopia has a genetic predisposition. The younger the age of onset of high myopia, the greater the genetic predisposition. High myopia usually results in the growth of the eye axis and the thinning of the retina at all levels, which may cause serious fundus complications such as hemorrhage, macular degeneration, and retinal detachment. If high myopia is combined with complications of the fundus, it can also be called pathological myopia. The likelihood of inheriting high myopia in this case is greatly increased. According to surveys, if both parents have high myopia, their offspring will be more likely to develop myopia than if only one parent has high myopia or neither parent has myopia. Although high myopia is not strictly a hereditary disease, i.e., not every parent with high myopia will have a child with myopia, its genetic predisposition cannot be ignored. The heritability of high myopia depends on further genetic testing.