Spinal tuberculosis, also known as Pott’s disease, involves about 50% of the spine in osteoarticular tuberculosis, with the longest involved vertebra being the first lumbar vertebra, while sacroiliac joint tuberculosis, sacral tuberculosis and cervical tuberculosis are relatively uncommon, but cervical tuberculosis has a high incidence of paraplegia. It is more common in men than in women, and can occur in children and adults. With the increase in the number of HIV-infected patients and immune system deficiencies, the number of cases of tuberculous spondylitis is also on the rise and should be taken seriously. Vertebral tuberculosis can be divided into two types: central and borderline. 1. Central vertebral tuberculosis is most commonly seen in children under 10 years of age and is most common in the thoracic spine. The lesion progresses rapidly and the entire vertebral body is compressed into a wedge shape. Usually only one vertebral body is invaded, but there is also penetration of the intervertebral disc and involvement of adjacent vertebral bodies. 2, marginal vertebral tuberculosis Most commonly seen in adults, the lumbar spine is the preferred site, the lesion is confined to the upper and lower edges of the vertebral body, and soon invades the intervertebral disc and adjacent vertebral bodies. The destruction of the intervertebral disc is the characteristic feature of the disease, thus narrowing the intervertebral space. The cold abscess formed after the destruction of the vertebral body has two manifestations: 1. paravertebral abscesses often accumulate on both sides of the vertebral body and are more common in the front. 2. Influx abscesses Abscesses of the psoas major muscle, abscesses of the iliac fossa, abscesses of the deep inguinal region, abscesses of the lateral thighs and abscesses of the suprapatellar region. Performance:Pain and weight loss at the lesion site, discomfort, night sweats, etc. Local pressure pain, muscle spasm and limitation of spinal movement may be associated with deformities and neurological abnormalities. Sometimes paralysis, kyphosis, and sinus tracts are the main complaints. 1.X-ray: early bone thinning, after development may show bone destruction and narrowing of the vertebral space. 2.Nuclear scan: It is not sensitive to tuberculosis infection. 3.CT: It is helpful to understand the boundaries of soft tissue lesions and to confirm the extent of bone destruction. 4, MRI: the preferred test, which not only shows bone and soft tissue lesions, but also can be examined in multiple sections. 5, increased blood sedimentation, positive tuberculin, confirming the diagnosis of the disease requires a vertebral lesion or soft tissue biopsy. Treatment The aim is to eradicate the infection, restore neurological function and prevent deformity. Chemotherapy with antituberculosis drugs is an essential part of the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The only exception to this is in cured TB patients who develop neurological compression symptoms due to increased kyphosis who can be treated without antituberculous drugs. Indications for surgery Dead bone, abscess or sinus tract formation. Neurological symptoms due to compression of the spinal cord by a tuberculous lesion. Late onset paralysis due to advanced tuberculosis. Although a satisfactory cure rate can be achieved by simply applying antituberculosis chemotherapy or chemotherapy with lesion removal, it cannot effectively correct and stop the development of kyphosis.