Diabetes can damage the nerves in the arms and legs, which is called peripheral neuropathy. For such patients, the feet and skin need extra care and attention.
The effects of diabetes on the feet
Very small injuries to the feet of people with diabetes (such as ill-fitting shoes) can lead to bigger problems. This is because calluses, blisters, ulcers, and infections are often found in areas that are numb due to nerve damage. Patients may not notice that they are injured.
In addition, if the condition is not controlled, there may be other problems such as poor resistance to infection and poor circulation, which can slow down wound healing and mean that a minor cut to the skin can lead to an ulcer or serious infection.
These problems can be prevented with good foot care.
How do I take care of my feet?
Taking care of your feet is easy and is best done in the shower or when you are getting ready for bed.
Good foot care means catching problems early and seeing a doctor early before they get worse.
- Check your feet daily Wash and dry your feet and use a handheld mirror to check for blisters, cuts, cracks, dry, red, tender or ulcerated skin on the back of your feet, between your toes and in the center of your feet.
- Rub some talcum powder between your toes this helps keep wet areas of the foot dry and prevents fungal infections.
- Apply lotion to the feet and legs to prevent dry, cracked skin but not between the toes, which can lead to fungal infections.
- Trim toenails: Use a nail file rather than scissors to grind toenails to prevent injury to the skin.
- Protect your feet Always wear shoes to protect your feet from injury. Do not use heating pads or hot water bottles to warm your feet to prevent burns without feeling them.
- Get checked Always have your doctor examine your feet at every visit.
- Do not use corns or other foot treatment products purchased over the counter this can be harmful to the foot. You should let your doctor treat you if you have foot problems.
- Wear shoes that fit and always wear socks.