Vaginitis is clinically characterized by a change in the nature of the leukorrhea and itching and burning of the vulva. Painful intercourse is also common, and when the infection involves the urethra, symptoms such as painful urination and urinary urgency may be present. Common vaginitis include bacterial vaginitis, trichomoniasis, mycotic vaginitis, and senile vaginitis.
Clinical manifestations
I. Bacterial vaginosis
About 10% to 50% of patients with this disease are clinically asymptomatic, while those with symptoms tend to have grayish white leucorrhea with fishy odor, burning sensation and itching in the vagina.
II. Trichomonas vaginalis
The leucorrhea may be thin, plasma-like, grayish yellow or yellowish green, sometimes mixed with blood, and foam in 20% of the leucorrhea. Itching and burning in the vulva, painful intercourse is also common, and there may be painful urination, urgent urination, and even hematuria.
Candida vaginitis
The most common symptom is leucorrhea, which is typically curd-like or lumpy, with burning and itching of the vulva and vagina. If it spreads to the urethra, it may also have frequent urination. The symptoms include urinary urgency, painful urination, etc.
Soft chancre vaginitis
It is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Streptococcus soft chancre infection, which is contracted through impure sexual intercourse. After an incubation period of about 1-5 days, one or several small red papules occur on the labia majora and minora, which soon break down and expand into ulcers as large as a soybean or larger, with a soft base, filth, pus, obvious pain, and gradual expansion.
Examination of vaginitis
1.Gynecological examination: Preliminary screening of possible diseases through routine gynecological examination and taking a specimen of secretion for necessary examination.
2.Vaginal secretion examination: check vaginal cleanliness, whether there are mycobacteria, trichomonas, bacteria (clue cells, pus cells) infection.
3.Culture of vaginal secretion: to check which pathogenic bacteria are infected and provide accurate diagnosis for doctors.
4.Drug sensitivity test: to detect which kind of drugs the pathogenic bacteria are sensitive to, so that the drugs can be targeted and the treatment effect can be improved.
Prevention and conditioning Since the onset of vaginitis is mainly related to personal hygiene and mutual infection, it is important to pay attention to cleanliness, prevent the attack of pathogenic bacteria, eliminate the source of infection, and enhance physical fitness to prevent recurrence.
A. Life conditioning
1, pay attention to personal hygiene, keep the vulva clean and dry; diligently wash and change underwear, do not share bath towels and bath tubs with others, do not wear nylon or similar woven underwear, used bath towels and underwear during the disease should be boiled and disinfected.
2.Strengthen hygiene propaganda, and conduct regular screening and general treatment of female workers and female students in factories, institutions and residents, especially in collective dormitories, in order to eliminate the source of infection.
3. Prohibit sexual intercourse during treatment, or use condoms to prevent cross-infection. It is advisable to avoid vaginal medication and sitz bath during menstruation. If you have a recurring problem, you should check your husband’s urine and prostate fluid, repeatedly if necessary, and if it is positive, you should treat it together.
Secondly, dietary regimen
It is advisable to eat a light diet, avoiding spicy stimulation, so as not to breed damp heat or consume Yin and blood. Pay attention to diet and nutrition, and strengthen the body to drive away evil.
Mental health care
Patients with vaginitis should stabilize their emotions, be afraid of nurturing their temperament, and carry out psychotherapy according to the patient’s personality and pathogenic triggers, strengthen exercise, enhance physical fitness and improve their immune function. The patient should actively eliminate triggering factors and treat various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs in a timely manner.
Four, exercise conditioning
1. Non-specific vaginitis: strengthen exercise to enhance physical fitness. Actively treat the causes of the disease, such as vaginal injury, pelvic inflammatory disease and uterine bleeding, to reduce the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria.
2. Mycosis fungoides: Pay attention to the reasonable application of broad-spectrum antibiotics and hormones. Diabetic patients should pay special attention to skin and vulva cleanliness. Vaginal mycobacteria often coexist or cross-infection with other parts of the mycobacterial pathogens, such as itching skin and scratching with the hands so that the nails with mycobacteria; itching around the anus, patients may have intestinal infection mycobacteria. The disease can also be infected through sexual life, so during treatment should avoid sexual life, if necessary, couples at the same time for diagnosis and treatment.
Trichomonas vaginalis: Trichomonas can maintain a certain level of viability during the freezing and drying process, and also has a rather tenacious resistance in different concentrations of soap and water, which can be easily transmitted. Firstly, the source of infection must be eliminated. Regular screening and treatment, the trichomonas patient’s lover should also be treated. Secondly, eliminate the means of infection. We advocate showering, changing from sitting to squatting, and not renting swimming clothes and towels.
4. Vaginitis in the elderly: strengthen the defensive function of the vagina and use acid or acid-producing drugs. Gonorrheal urethritis
Vaginitis is a general term for a variety of inflammatory diseases of the vaginal mucosa caused by different etiologies. In the normal physiological state, the histological and biochemical characteristics of the vagina are sufficient to defend it against external microorganisms. If it is damaged, pathogenic bacteria can take advantage of the opportunity to enter the vagina and cause vaginal inflammation through various factors.
Five, prevention of vaginitis six attention
Wear cotton underwear and change them regularly. Separate towels and basins for washing the vulva. The underwear should be placed in the sun after washing, not in the bathroom.
2, wear clothing must be breathable, do not continuously wear pantyhose or tight jeans.
The direction of wiping after a bowel movement should be from front to back to avoid bringing Candida from the anus to the vagina.
4.If you used to like to sit by the pool in your swimsuit and chat, you will have to change that.
5, please try to maintain a cheerful mood, because psychological reasons will also reduce the body’s immunity, so that Candida take advantage of the situation.
6. Do not use disinfectants or various cleansers to rinse your vulva and vagina frequently. It is better to use water rather than various kinds of lotions to wash the pubic area.