The main tests to determine pelvic effusion include ultrasound, smear of secretion, laparoscopy, blood test, blood sedimentation and urine routine, etc. to clarify the specific nature of pelvic effusion. Pelvic effusion is a clinical manifestation, not a diagnosis of a disease, and is usually divided into physiological pelvic effusion and pathological pelvic effusion. Physiological pelvic effusion is mainly caused by poor gastrointestinal motility during ovulation, around the time of menstruation or long-term constipation, and the amount of fluid is usually small and can be absorbed on its own without obvious symptoms. The other kind is pathological pelvic fluid, such as pelvic inflammatory disease or postoperative infection, postpartum infection and other pelvic fluid caused by tubal tumors, liver and kidney diseases. In case of inflammatory stimulation, the main manifestations are lower abdominal distension and pain, lumbar pain and swelling, abnormal discharge, and in serious cases, it may lead to menstrual disorders and even secondary infertility. It is recommended to review the ultrasound 3~7 days after the next menstrual period to understand the absorption of fluid. If the fluid cannot be absorbed by itself or even more and more, it is necessary to perform aspiration of the fluid, and after the surgery, take the secretion for routine examination and culture, and strengthen the anti-inflammatory treatment according to the drug allergy after the diagnosis. In conclusion, once the diagnosis of pathological pelvic fluid is confirmed, early pharmacological intervention is needed to avoid chronic inflammatory stimulation leading to chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic adnexitis causing pelvic adhesions or tubal adhesions, which in the most serious cases can lead to the risk of infertility. It is recommended to pay attention to vulva cleanliness and hygiene to effectively prevent gynecological inflammation.