When it comes to hyperthyroidism, Shaoxing people are actually not unfamiliar with it, the common people call it “big neck disease”, especially in recent years in Shaoxing area, the incidence of hyperthyroidism and the trend of increasing year by year. Hyperthyroidism is an endocrine disorder caused by increased thyroid function, increased secretion of thyroid hormones or increased levels of thyroid hormones in the blood circulation, the cause of which is still inconclusive. Patients are characterized by diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland with varying degrees of proptosis, as well as symptoms such as fear of heat and sweating, hyperphagia, weight loss, palpitations, and hand tremors. In every clinic, we meet many women with hyperthyroidism, and their main concern is pregnancy and breastfeeding after delivery. In fact, many hyperthyroidism patients have not received proper guidance for a long time, so that they are still afraid to get pregnant at a very old age, and even if they are pregnant, they are worried about the impact on their children, and they spend their days in anxiety. It should be said that hyperthyroidism is not a terminal disease, but it is a stubborn disease that is very unpleasant, especially if it is accompanied by comorbidities, which makes treatment very difficult. At present, there are three main methods of treatment for hyperthyroidism: the first is medical medication, which uses anti-thyroid drugs to inhibit the synthesis of thyroxine so as to achieve the purpose of treatment. Although anti-thyroid medication is safer, the course of treatment is long, requiring regular medication for about 2 years, which is often difficult for patients to adhere to. Some patients have poor memory and often forget to take their medication, and they have poor treatment results. The second type is surgical treatment, which can treat hyperthyroidism by removing part of the thyroid tissue and reducing the secretion of thyroxine. The main complications of surgical treatment are wound bleeding, infection, nerve damage, and even severe thyroid crisis. For young girls, it is also a great pity to leave unsightly scars on the neck. Indications for surgery: secondary hyperthyroidism, high-functioning adenoma, primary hyperthyroidism of moderate degree or higher, hyperthyroidism with thyroid compression symptoms or retrosternal goiter, or suspected cancer, side effects such as allergy or bone marrow suppression with medical medication, relapse after long-term medication discontinuation or relapse after I131 treatment (6) Surgery should also be considered for those with the above indications in early or mid-pregnancy Contraindications: adolescent hyperthyroidism. The third method is the use of isotope 131I to treat hyperthyroidism. Iodine (I) is the raw material for the synthesis of thyroxine. 131I is an isotope of iodine, which has the same properties as iodine and can be taken up by the thyroid gland and retained in the thyroid gland. The difference is that 131I is a radionuclide that emits beta rays, which, through their radiobiological effect, can destroy part of the thyroid tissue, thereby suppressing thyroid hormone secretion. Since beta radiation has a short range in the tissues, the effect on the surrounding tissues is minimal and very safe. Surgical operation is to remove part of the thyroid tissue, while isotope 131I is to destroy part of the thyroid tissue with invisible rays. Because there is no surgery, there are no complications of surgery and no unsightly scars.