It is not uncommon to find children with occult penis, and in recent years it has received increasing attention from parents and clinical workers. The reason for this is that if pediatric occult penis disease is not treated surgically before puberty, it can not only affect the normal development of the penis, but also cause a certain degree of psychological harm to the child. The parents of the child are often worried and annoyed by the difference in appearance between the child and others. What is pediatric occult penis? Clinically, it refers to the short appearance of the penis, the narrow beak-shaped outer foreskin, the backward pushing of the penis root or the erection of the penis in children before urination or in the early morning when the bladder is full) state, the size of the penis is no different from other children of the same age. This can also be used to distinguish it from the very rare clinical disease of micropenis. In the past, parents and even some doctors considered this to be a normal phenomenon that would get better when they grew up and developed. There are also many people who believe that this disease is similar to circumcision, and incorrectly believe that it is due to circumcision squeezing the penis elongation, and recommend or simply implement circumcision, so that the appearance of the child’s penis is even shorter. Now, a wide range of scholars have recognized that this disorder is associated with abnormal penile development. Devine, a famous pediatric surgeon in the United States, was the first to put forward this idea, and Professor Mei Hua in China also has a clearer description of his views in his edited urological surgery. We have also done long-term, extensive pathological and clinical work in this area. The conclusion of pathological studies supports the occurrence of the disease related to the abnormal development of the superficial fascial layer of the penis. Simply put, its short penile appearance is due to the pulling of these abnormally developed fibrous fascia-like tissues and has nothing to do with the narrow outer foreskin opening; therefore, circumcision should never be simply done. This not only does not improve the post-operative appearance, but in the future, when doing the molding, the foreskin of the penis after wrapping elongation will be even more short, and will have to rotate the scrotal flap instead. This is also something that parents must be aware of and remember to visit a specialist when they suspect that their child’s penis is not developing properly and not to undergo simple circumcision lightly. So, at what age is it best for a child to undergo this procedure? It is generally considered appropriate after preschool age, i.e. 5-7 years old. Post-operative care is relatively difficult at too young an age, and the risks of surgical anesthesia are greater. An older age (more than 12 years old) is associated with poor post-operative results due to partial penile development.