Bone and joint defects after extensive tumor resection, replacement with artificial prosthesis is an effective way to save the limb and is currently the most commonly used surgical procedure. At present, the artificial prosthesis used for bone tumor is mainly processed and customized according to the patient’s age, lesion location, tumor size and other conditions. Artificial tumor-based joints have significant advantages over other surgical procedures by allowing early weight bearing and early exercise of joint function, and reducing the occurrence of systemic complications. Patients recover well after prosthetic replacement, and weight-bearing walking and daily life are largely unaffected. Although artificial arthroplasty is now the most widely used, it has its shortcomings. Limb-sparing surgery is far more complex than amputation, and complications are more common. Post-operative bleeding from joint infection, fracture, joint wear and tear, and late loosening of the prosthesis may occur, and in cases of recurrent infection or tumor recurrence that renders the affected limb non-functional or even cumbersome, re-operative amputation is often required. Patients and their families must be fully aware of these issues before choosing an artificial joint replacement.