The development of cirrhosis is a gradual process, and different treatment protocols are available for different periods of treatment, which need to be selected individually according to the patient’s specific situation. The compensated stage focuses on liver protection and reversal of lesions, while the decompensated stage focuses on maintaining liver function and preventing complications. The main treatment means include: Protecting and improving liver function: It mainly includes removing or alleviating the causes of cirrhosis, avoiding the use of liver-injurious drugs or exposure to liver-injurious substances, as well as parenteral nutritional support and liver-protective drugs. Examples include reduced glutathione, glycopyrrolate diamine, adenosylmethionine, etc. Treatment of portal hypertension and its complications: For peritoneal effusion, first of all, water and sodium intake should be restricted to reduce the production of ascites, in addition, diuresis and ascites pumping can be used to promote drainage, and in severe cases, shunt surgery can be performed to relieve portal pressure. In addition, for patients with peritonitis, drugs with less hepatotoxicity should be selected for active treatment and responded to according to treatment response and drug sensitivity results. For gastrointestinal bleeding caused by esophagogastric fundic varices, hemostasis can be achieved by blood volume supplementation, pharmacological hemostasis, endoscopic treatment, and balloon hemostasis. With hepatic encephalopathy, the primary treatment is to remove the cause, such as water-electrolyte disorders, constipation, and infection, all of which are common triggers. Next is nutritional support to promote ammonia metabolism and regulate neurotransmitters. Preparations such as ornithine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and arginine, as well as drugs such as branched-chain amino acids, are commonly used. Surgical treatment: Surgery for cirrhosis is divided into several categories, minimally invasive endoscopic surgery generally for patients with ruptured esophagogastric fundic veins; portal vein dissection + splenectomy for patients with recurrent ruptured esophagogastric fundic varices bleeding and hypersplenism, and liver transplantation generally for patients with end-stage cirrhosis, but requires adequate preoperative preparation and precise timing of surgery. Patient education: Treatment of cirrhosis is a long-term process, and in addition to medical interventions, changes in patients’ lifestyle habits are also important aspects of treatment. Patients need to pay attention to rest, strictly abstain from alcohol, avoid the use of hepatotoxic drugs, food should be easy to digest with less gas production, spicy and rough food is prohibited, and infection should also be avoided as much as possible. To sum up, the treatment of cirrhosis is a long-term process, and there are different treatment plans for different periods of treatment, which need to be selected individually according to the patient’s specific situation.