Vascular lesions are common and frequent diseases in clinical practice, and they were also difficult to treat in the past. In recent years, interventional therapy has provided new means for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular disease, which has led to a breakthrough in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular disease and greatly improved the level of diagnosis and treatment of vascular disease. Interventional therapy is one of the minimally invasive treatment methods, which has the characteristics of small trauma and quick effect. However, not many people know about the specific diseases that need interventional treatment, especially vascular diseases, and patients often go to other departments first and then are referred to the interventional department by other departments for treatment. Therefore, the author will talk about those diseases that need to be treated in the interventional department. 1.Deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs: Deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs is a very common clinical disease, which causes obstruction of blood return to lower limbs, mainly manifested as swelling, pain, superficial veins showing, or bruising or redness of lower limbs. It is mostly seen in old age, obesity, abnormal blood clotting, malignant tumor, lower extremity trauma or surgery, and long-term bed rest. Physicians in primary hospitals and community physicians are not aware of the disease and often misdiagnose it. There is a potentially dangerous complication of lower extremity DVT, which is pulmonary embolism. The reason is that the embolus in the lower extremity vein is dislodged and embolized in the pulmonary artery through the heart by blood flow, and a large embolus can cause the patient to die within minutes. Therefore, there are two main aspects of treatment of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in the interventional unit. First, a filter is placed in the inferior vena cava to intercept larger thrombi in the blood flow to avoid entering the pulmonary artery with the blood flow and causing a lethal pulmonary embolism. Second, a catheter is inserted into the venous thrombus to perform local thrombolysis, which can achieve the goal of less drug use and faster results. The side effects of using thrombolytic drugs can be reduced. At present, interventional treatment is preferred for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis. 2, lower limb arteriosclerosis occlusive disease: This disease is also a disease easily misdiagnosed by community doctors and primary hospitals, and even misdiagnosed by orthopedic and rehabilitation physicians in some tertiary hospitals. Lower extremity arteriosclerosis occlusive disease is mostly seen in the elderly, atherosclerosis, diabetic patients (diabetic foot), manifested as uncomfortable leg muscle pain, cold lower extremities, intermittent claudication (patients walking a distance after the lower extremity weakness or pain, resulting in the inability to walk or claudication), etc.. Lower limb arterial occlusive disease causes narrowing or even occlusion of the arteries in the lower limbs, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the limbs or severe ischemia, which in severe cases causes ulceration and gangrene of the lower limbs (feet) and requires amputation. For people who have a family history of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, or who suffer from similar conditions themselves, such as frequent leg pain, chills, leg spasms and cramps at night, and difficulty walking, they should promptly visit the interventional department. The site, scope and degree of arterial lesions in the lower extremities can be clarified through angiography in the interventional department, and interventional treatments include arterial stenting, arterial balloon dilation and arterial thrombolysis. Through interventional treatment, to its achieve control of symptoms, relieve pain, improve intermittent claudication and prevent ischemic necrosis of lower limbs caused by the continued development of lesions. 3.Limb arterial embolism: lower limb arterial embolism is common, where there is organic heart disease, atherosclerosis, especially patients with atrial fibrillation or history of arterial embolism, if there is a sudden appearance of lower limb pain with acute arterial ischemic manifestations (pale skin, cold limbs, numbness and pain in the limbs) and disappearance of the corresponding arterial pulsation, the diagnosis of acute arterial embolism is basically established and should be treated in the interventional department as a matter of urgency. Acute arterial embolism should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible, and delayed treatment will risk amputation. If the patient seeks treatment in time, the site and degree of arterial embolism can be clarified by angiography in the interventional department, and then the catheter can be inserted into the thrombus for local thrombolysis, which can generally restore the patency of the blood vessel within 1-2 days. 4, aortic coarctation: Patients often come to the hospital with acute severe tear-like chest pain, and the mortality rate is very high, and the common causes are atherosclerosis, hypertensive disease, trauma and so on. The manifestation is the splitting of the aortic wall into two layers with the accumulation of blood and blood clots between them, where the aorta is significantly enlarged and pyknotic or sac-shaped. The lesion may extend distally from the aortic root to as far as the iliac and femoral arteries. DeBakey classifies aortic coarctation into three types, among which type III coarctation starts from the descending aorta and extends distally, and is an indication for interventional treatment. 5.Aortic aneurysm: The common one is abdominal aortic aneurysm, which is often found after a pulsating mass is felt in the abdomen and a vascular murmur can be heard, and can be diagnosed by ultrasound, CT or MRI, and can be confirmed by aortography. Once an aortic aneurysm ruptures it can cause fatal hemorrhage and death in a short period of time. For abdominal aortic aneurysms below the level of the renal artery, interventional treatment can be performed without abdominal surgery. This interventional procedure, also called aortic endoluminal isolation, involves connecting a laminated stent at the upper and lower end of the aneurysm lumen to allow blood flow to pass within the stent, isolating the pressure of blood flow on the aneurysm wall and preventing the possibility of aneurysm rupture. 6.Vascular stenosis diseases: carotid artery stenosis, vertebral artery stenosis, subclavian artery stenosis, renal artery stenosis, etc. 7, vascular malformation: most of the vascular malformations and hemangiomas in various parts can be treated well by interventional therapy. 8, trauma-induced vascular lesions: such as pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, etc.