Indications for and clinical management of antisperm antibodies For couples of childbearing age, the presence of antisperm antibodies in the body may affect their fertility. The main ways in which anti-sperm antibodies can affect fertility are the following: anti-sperm antibodies, especially antibodies, can bind to sperm, leading to sperm agglutination, and the agglutinated sperm are unable to bind to the egg. The presence of anti-sperm segments on the surface of multinucleated neutrophils and macrophages activates the complement system, thereby disrupting the membrane structure of sperm and causing loss of sperm motility. The pathways by which anti-sperm antibodies can affect fertility are multifaceted, and the clinician can determine whether a patient needs to be tested for anti-sperm antibodies by providing some clinical indications of what to look for in a patient. In cases of decreased sperm counts or absence of spermatozoa, anti-sperm antibody testing is useful in diagnosing unexplained infertility and in the presence of immobile or wobbly spermatozoa in the cervical fluid after intercourse. In this case, antisperm antibody testing can help in the selection of treatment options. For patients with positive antisperm antibodies, treatment is based on steroid hormone drugs such as prednisone or methylprednisone, which are designed to inhibit the production of new antibodies and promote the regression of antibodies already produced. Generally speaking, the antibody level can be reduced to the lowest level after a week of steroid hormone use, but some researchers believe that steroid hormone can reduce the activity of acrosome enzymes and affect the ability of sperm-egg binding, and there are also reports of aseptic femoral head necrosis after steroid hormone treatment for anti-sperm antibody positive patients, these potential side effects also pose potential problems for drug treatment. In addition to pharmacological treatment, the following assisted reproductive technologies can be used to treat intrauterine insemination. If not all sperm in the semen are coated with antibodies, treatment can be used to allow more sperm to reach the uterus, avoiding interference with movement by cervical fluid. It is suitable for patients with anti-sperm antibodies in the female serum or cervical fluid, or with a smaller percentage of semen sperm bound to anti-sperm antibodies. It bypasses the adverse effects of antisperm antibodies in the environment. Although antisperm antibodies affect fertility, they do not completely eliminate the possibility of natural fertility, and some patients who are positive for antisperm antibodies can still conceive spontaneously.