To explain this clearly, we first need to know what hemorrhoids are. The modern concept of hemorrhoids is that they are essentially clusters of blood vessels, and when these clusters become pathologically hypertrophied and move downward with clinical symptoms, we call them hemorrhoids. What are the symptoms of hemorrhoids? Hemorrhoids usually present with bleeding, prolapse and pain. Bleeding tends to manifest as dripping or jet bleeding during stool, bright red. Prolapse is the main manifestation of internal hemorrhoids, and as the condition progresses, the prolapse becomes more severe. A minor prolapse can be returned to the anus by itself after a bowel movement, but as the condition progresses, a prolapsed internal hemorrhoid may need to be returned by hand, or more severely, it may keep prolapsing and cannot be returned. The people say that nine out of ten people have hemorrhoids, which also explains the very high incidence of hemorrhoids. Just how high is it, according to statistics close to half of the population will suffer from hemorrhoids during their lifetime. The exact cause of the onset of hemorrhoids is not entirely clear, but it is related to sedentary, constipation, pregnancy, and addiction to spicy foods. If we try to avoid these factors in our daily lives, we can reduce the occurrence of hemorrhoids. Furthermore, good hygiene habits are indispensable, and it would be better to clean the anus with running water after a bowel movement than with a dry hard tissue. If you already have hemorrhoids, you don’t have to worry because modern medicine has fundamentally changed the concept of hemorrhoid treatment, and the principle of treatment is to reduce and eliminate symptoms, not to “cure” them. Therefore, most hemorrhoid patients can get relief from their symptoms through non-surgical methods. If, unfortunately, the symptoms of hemorrhoids are so severe that non-surgical methods cannot control them well, there are many minimally invasive treatments that can be used to minimize the patient’s pain. A brief description of some of the surgical treatments for hemorrhoids that are commonly used today. If the hemorrhoids are not particularly severe, we can use a rubber band ligature to treat them. This method is very simple, does not require anesthesia, and you can go home after it is done, does not affect your work, is mildly painful, and works well for mildly prolapsed internal hemorrhoids. For bleeding internal hemorrhoids, you can also use Doppler-guided hemorrhoid vascular ligation, which is almost painless after surgery and you can work normally after about 2 days of rest. Of course, if the symptoms of prolapse and bleeding are severe, you can also consider using the surgical method of PPH. This procedure was first reported by Longo, an Italian scholar, in 1998 and has been widely used around the world because it is less invasive and less painful than traditional surgery. Of course this method is not suitable for all hemorrhoid patients and requires the doctor to make an assessment of the type of hemorrhoid and select the right patient to achieve good results. If these minimally invasive methods above are not suitable, we have to choose hemorrhoid removal surgery. But there is no need to worry, because with the application of advanced medical equipment, we can use ultrasonic knife, or advanced excisional hemostatic devices like Ligasure, which makes the patient’s pain much less. In the past, hemorrhoidectomy often required a hospital stay of about 1 week, but now it can usually be done without a hospital stay, or in just 1 day.