Trigeminal neuralgia is a relatively common neurological disorder that occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, with a prevalence rate of 182/100,000, with more women than men, and a male to female ratio of 2:3. People with chronic diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis are more likely to suffer from trigeminal neuralgia. Early symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia: 1. The symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia show severe pain like cutting, burning, needling or electric shock, which starts suddenly at the onset, and the pain can also disappear suddenly and stop immediately after a few seconds or minutes, without any discomfort after it stops. During the second attack, the pain is completely painless. 2. The trigeminal nerve is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the face, with three branches on each side, mainly governing the sensation of the face, teeth, cornea, nasal cavity, mouth and lips, most of the scalp and meninges, so trigeminal neuralgia occurs in these parts. Trigeminal neuralgia often develops in one or several parts of the face, and it is rare that it develops bilaterally at the same time. In the early stages of the disease, it may be concentrated in one distribution area for a long time, mostly in the area within the 2nd or 3rd branch on one side. Occasionally, it is seen that each attack is bilateral. 3.When the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia attack, the affected half of the face of trigeminal neuralgia patients may show spasmodic distortion, and sometimes sympathetic neurosis appears after the termination of the attack, and the main symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia are first whitening of the affected face, then flushing, conjunctival congestion, and accompanied by lacrimation, runny nose and salivation. Later in the course of the disease, inflammation of the conjunctiva and stomatitis may occur. Some patients hold their cheeks with the palm of their hands and rub them vigorously during the onset of pain in order to relieve the pain. Over time, the skin on the affected side of the face becomes rough and thickened, and the eyebrows become sparse or even fall off. 4. The onset of trigeminal neuralgia is cyclical, some people have it once every few days, some people have it once every few weeks or months, and in serious cases, trigeminal neuralgia may occur dozens of times a day. Some patients have frequent attacks in a certain season of the day, stop having attacks after this season, and then start having attacks again at this time next year. Microvascular decompression surgery for trigeminal neuralgia Microvascular decompression surgery for trigeminal neuralgia is a very mature surgical technique that has been in clinical use for more than 60 years, and the surgery is not performed inside the brain, but in the subarachnoid space between the brain tissue and the skull. Especially in recent years, the application of minimally invasive surgical techniques has not only significantly improved the surgical efficacy, but also greatly reduced the surgical risk, and microvascular decompression surgery is now the international preferred option for the radical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Of course, not all patients must undergo microvascular decompression surgery, and the general treatment principle is: for patients with relatively mild pain, medication should be applied first, and surgery should be considered only when medication is ineffective; for elderly patients, especially those whose general condition is not suitable for microvascular decompression surgery, it is recommended that balloon compression of the meniscus should be chosen first when medication is ineffective. For patients with severe pain that seriously affects their daily life, microvascular decompression surgery should be preferred to cure trigeminal neuralgia. Therefore, the appropriate treatment plan should be chosen according to the physical condition and severity of pain of different patients.