Congenital microtia is caused by developmental abnormalities during the embryonic period. The auricle is severely underdeveloped, with no normal auricular markings and only contractures, deformed small cartilage masses and ectopic earlobes in the ear area. Anxious parents want their children to have a normal ear earlier, but to recreate a realistic ear with a realistic shape and without a major impact on the child’s mental health and schooling, the timing of the surgery is critical and is one of the main factors in obtaining the desired surgical result. To date, the patient’s own rib cartilage is currently the best tissue material for reconstructing the ear, and in order to obtain rib cartilage of sufficient length, width and thickness, the ear can be reconstructed at the earliest at about 6 weeks of age and above 1.2 meters in height. The chance of occurrence decreases and the degree of thoracic deformity decreases as the age of surgery increases, and thoracic deformity rarely occurs after the age of 9. It is generally best to complete the olecranon reconstruction surgery before puberty. Although we have solved the technique of ear reconstruction for elderly patients, it is best not to wait until you are too old (over 25 years old for men and 22 years old for women) to have the surgery because rib cartilage older than that tends to become yellow and brittle, making it more difficult to make the cartilage scaffold for the ear.