The exact survival time of a patient with severe pneumonia who abandons treatment is related to the individual patient’s condition, desire to live, and severity of the disease. Severe pneumonia is a respiratory emergency, and most patients are transferred to the ICU for treatment due to their critical condition. Patients with severe pneumonia are severely hypoxic, and normal breathing cannot maintain blood oxygen, so invasive ventilators are required to maintain the patient’s blood oxygen concentration, and patients need to be equipped with various types of intubation therapy because they are unconscious and unable to eat. Therefore, it is difficult for patients with severe pneumonia to survive once they are removed from the device assisted environment, and some patients die within a few hours after being removed from treatment. If the patient has a strong desire to survive and is young, it is recommended that treatment not be easily abandoned. If the elderly patient has heavy comorbidities and is experiencing brain death and multi-organ failure, the physician should take the initiative to communicate with the patient’s family, explain the pros and cons, and let the family decide for themselves whether to abandon treatment. Patients as well as their families are advised to actively cooperate with doctors and maintain confidence in order to win the maximum survival period for the patient.