As people’s living standards improve and their awareness of health care grows, more and more attention is being paid to children’s eye care, and visual development and children’s eyesight have become the focus of attention. Childhood blindness accounts for 4% of all blindness, which not only affects children’s life, but also brings a huge burden to families and society. Children’s eye diseases include two major categories, one for eye diseases that do not affect vision, such as conjunctivitis, trachoma, etc., and the other for eye diseases that affect vision, such as congenital eye diseases, amblyopia, etc., especially for the latter should pay more attention to, once found, must be timely and standardized treatment, so the prevention and treatment of children’s eye diseases, to protect children’s eyesight, is urgent, and only through early diagnosis, early intervention, in order to reduce the avoidable occurrence of low vision and blindness in children. Only through early diagnosis and early intervention can we reduce the occurrence of avoidable low vision and blindness in children.