It is common to see expectant mothers coming to the hospital, when the safety of the medication is the first consideration. The increased pressure in the abdominal cavity during pregnancy affects the blood circulation in the rectum and anal canal, and the blood return is obstructed. For example, dry stools, frequent stools, prolonged stools, sedentary, abdominal tumors, cirrhosis of the liver, increased portal vein pressure, chronic illness, alcohol, spicy and hot food, pregnancy, childbirth, etc. The woman’s pregnancy and delivery, the uterus expansion affects the hemorrhoid venous reflux, easy to induce hemorrhoids, and pregnancy is generally less active, causing dry stools and induce hemorrhoids, after the birth of a large amount of blood loss, intestinal dryness and less fluid, dry stools and constipation, aggravate or induce hemorrhoids. . The pregnancy period is the number of weeks of pregnancy, the medical pregnancy period is from the first day of the last menstruation to the end of the delivery. . A World Health Organization survey of medication use during pregnancy in different countries and regions showed that about 80% of pregnant women received medication during pregnancy, with an average of 2.9 prescription drugs, not including the use of over-the-counter medications. Studies have shown that 2-3% of human birth defects are caused by drugs, and the teratogenic effects of drugs depend on the teratogenic properties of the drug itself, the gestational period, and the interaction with other factors. The teratogenic site of the same drug varies in different periods of pregnancy. In order to prevent the teratogenic effect of drugs, drugs should be avoided in the first trimester of pregnancy, especially new drugs. Pregnant women need to receive timely treatment when they are ill, but they should know whether the drugs used have any effect on the growth and development of the fetus and the pregnant woman herself. Principles and measures for safe use of drugs 1. Pregnant women should have a physical examination before pregnancy and strive for a healthy pregnancy. 2. Any application of drugs must be taken under the guidance of doctors and pharmacists. 3. If a certain chronic disease is found before pregnancy, medication should be used taking into account the continuity and safety of medication during pregnancy and avoiding the use of drugs that may endanger the fetus. 4. Try not to use drugs in early pregnancy (within 12 weeks), and consider not using or temporarily discontinuing drugs that can be discontinued or can be temporarily stopped. 5. Never use more drugs that can be used sparingly, and try not to use or use less drugs that can be used or not used. 6. Try to avoid the combined use of drugs, can be applied alone not in combination with drugs, can use the conclusion of the more certain drugs do not use the newer drugs. 7. Do not use drugs at your own discretion or listen to the prescriptions and secret recipes to prevent accidents. 8. Avoid applying advertised drugs or drugs that you do not understand. 9. Pay attention to the words “use with caution, contraindicated or prohibited for pregnant women” on the bag when using the medicine. 10. If you must use drugs, you should try to choose drugs that do not harm or have little effect on the fetus; if you have to use a teratogenic drug for a long time because of treatment needs, you should terminate the pregnancy. 11. After a pregnant woman has mistakenly taken a teratogenic or potentially teratogenic drug, she should consider whether to terminate the pregnancy under the guidance of a doctor according to the time of pregnancy, the amount of drugs used, and the time of use. 12. Most of the instructions of proprietary Chinese medicines are relatively simple, and many of them do not have the item of “medication for pregnant women”, because it is difficult to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of medication for pregnant women, they should be used carefully to ensure the safety of medication. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies the teratogenic risk of drugs as follows: Class A: the safest drugs, which have been studied in numerous rigorous controlled studies, and animal and clinical data do not show any risk to the fetus, such as potassium chloride, potassium gluconate, etc. Class C: drugs that have been shown to be risky in animal experiments but have not been studied clinically and the risk cannot be ruled out; these drugs should only be used after carefully weighing the pros and cons for the pregnant woman and the fetus; Class D: drugs that have been shown to be harmful to the fetus in pre and post-marketing studies and need to be used on balance, such as anti-tuberculosis drugs, antipsychotics, anticoagulants, anti-thyroid drugs, etc. Class X: drugs that have been proven to be a serious risk to the fetus in animal and human trials or before and after the market launch of the drug, and are prohibited for pregnant women, such as methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, Marilan, trimethoprim, etc. . Anticancer drugs: Methotrexate can cause skull and facial deformities, cleft palate, etc. Cyclophosphamide, Marilan, leucovorin, cytarabine, erythromycin, and 6-mercaptopurine can cause finger (toe) deformity, hydrocephalus, cleft palate, external ear defect, renal hypoplasia or multiple malformations in early pregnancy. . Hormonal drugs: The use of estrogen, progesterone, testosterone and their derivatives in early pregnancy often cause abnormal fetal development and increase the rate of birth defects, which may masculinize the female fetus. Glucocorticoids used in large quantities in early pregnancy can cause stillbirth, miscarriage, cleft palate, anencephaly, one-eyed, bone malformation, etc. . Sedative-hypnotic drugs: Phenobarbital, pentobarbital, diazepam, Librium, and Mydrium can cause malformations, among which diazepam and Librium can cause various malformations. Antipsychotics: (1) Haloperidol: can cause fetal limb malformation, curly fingers, intrauterine growth retardation and gastrointestinal insufficiency. (2) Chlorpromazine: It may cause cerebral hypoplasia, anencephaly, hydrocephalus, cleft palate, microcephaly, curly fingers, etc. Long-term application may cause fetal extrapyramidal hypoplasia and infantile retinopathy. It can cause central depression, respiratory distress, muscle weakness and sucking difficulties in fetuses and newborns in the middle and late stages of pregnancy. Anti-epileptic drugs Phenytoin sodium: the incidence of birth defects is up to 30% in those who apply during pregnancy. Sodium valproate: its use in early pregnancy can cause fetal neural tube defects, deformed ears, hydrocephalus, wide eyes, etc., and its incidence is about 1% . Anti-malarial drugs Ethacrynic pyrimidine and chloroquine may cause deafness, hydrocephalus, limb defects and other malformations. Quinine: application in early pregnancy may cause stillbirth, premature birth, miscarriage, auditory nerve defect, cardiac malformation, genitourinary tract malformation, etc. . Antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs: (1) aspirin and other salicylic acid drugs: in early pregnancy can cause fetal cardiovascular malformations, renal defects, hypospadias, cleft lip, cleft palate, neurological damage, etc.. Long-term application of aspirin in pregnant women can lead to severe fetal hemorrhage and even stillbirth. (2) Indomethacin: In early pregnancy, it can cause cleft lip, cleft palate and other malformations. . Cardiovascular system drugs: quinidine, colistin, methyldopa, prazosin, etc. can cause stillbirth or malformation in early pregnancy, and can affect fetal heart function in middle and late pregnancy. Drugs acting on the blood system: bicoumarin and benzylacetone coumarin can cause fetal hemorrhage, stillbirth or nasal bone hypoplasia, cartilage hypoplasia, optic nerve atrophy, microcephaly, etc. Hypoglycemic drugs: insulin applied in early pregnancy can cause fetal bone abnormalities. Methanesulfamethoxazole and chlorpropamide can cause stillbirth, multiple malformations, miscarriage and premature birth. . Anti-microbial drugs: (1) rifampicin: the incidence of teratogenicity is 4% to 5%, which can cause stillbirth, anencephaly, hydrocephalus and malformation of limbs, ear canal and urinary tract. (2) tetracycline drugs: in early pregnancy can cause fetal cataract, limb dysplasia, short fingers and limbs, in the middle can cause stillbirth, renal insufficiency, can also cause the fetus after birth yellow teeth, enamel hypoplasia, bone growth disorders, etc., the use of drugs in late pregnancy can cause fetal and neonatal hemolytic anemia, fulminant hepatic failure, serious cases can cause maternal and infant death. (3) Chloramphenicol: In early pregnancy, it can cause fetal cleft palate and cleft lip; in late pregnancy, it can cause neonatal bone marrow suppression or fetal death; before delivery, application of chloramphenicol can cause neonatal circulatory disorders and gray baby syndrome. (4) aminoglycoside antibiotics: in early pregnancy or a large number of applications, can cause fetal auditory nerve and kidney damage, the birth of infants with hearing loss in mild cases, serious cases can cause complete deafness, the incidence of streptomycin, gentamicin is higher. (5) Sulfadiazine: in early pregnancy can cause a variety of malformations. (6) Methotrexate can also cause fetal malformation and affect the safety of the newborn. (7) Norfloxacin also has teratogenic effect and can inhibit the growth and development of fetal and neonatal cartilage joints and limbs. (8) Fenfluramine can also cause a variety of fetal malformations in early pregnancy. . Anti-obesity drugs: dexamphetamine can cause fetal heart defect, large blood vessel ectopic, cleft lip and limb malformation. . General anesthetics: Halothane can affect fetal auditory function when applied in early and mid pregnancy. Methoxyflurane may cause fetal skeletal malformation. The use of anesthetics such as ether or chloroform, morphine, dulcolax, and diazepam during labor can cause central nervous system depression and neurological damage to the fetus, and the delivered newborn may not eat, not cry, hypothermia, respiratory depression, or circulatory failure. . Central excitatory drugs: Continuous application of caffeine in early pregnancy may cause fetal limb deformities and osteogenesis. . Cough suppressants: Codeine can cause cleft lip, cleft palate and stillbirth. Anti-thyroid drugs: thiouracil, tapazole, iodine can affect fetal thyroid function, leading to stillbirth, congenital hypothyroidism or goiter, and even asphyxia. Combined with the above factors, we hope that the majority of women preparing for pregnancy are treated surgically before pregnancy to avoid serious symptoms of hemorrhoids during pregnancy, but can not use the medicine.