Advances in the treatment of bone nonunion

Fracture healing is a rather complex process whose microenvironment is influenced by multiple factors, and if these factors are violated and compromised, fracture healing stops leading to nonunion. Despite the rapid advances in surgical procedures, it is well documented that in the United States alone, of an average of five million fractures per year, one in ten patients eventually develops an osseous nonunion. Osteogenesis imperfecta not only leads to limitation of movement of the affected limb, but also has a negative effect on daily life which may be more serious than kidney dialysis, therefore, osteogenesis imperfecta should attract the attention of scholars and actively try to explore new ways to cure it. Bone nonunion, also known as fracture nonunion. So far, its definition is quite controversial, and the following definitions have been recorded in the literature: ① 1 year after treatment without achieving the expected results, and need to be operated again to achieve bony healing. Failure of the fracture end within 6-8 months of healing. (iii) The fracture end is still painful and accompanied by abnormal activities, X-ray can be seen in the persistent translucent band, after 3 months of treatment every 6 weeks to review the radiographs, 3 times in a row, there is no significant change in the bone scab. The fracture exceeds the usual treatment time and prolongs the treatment time again, but still fails to achieve bony healing. x-ray film shows that the fracture end has little bone scab, the bone ends are separated, the two broken ends are atrophied and smooth, and the bone marrow cavity is closed by the dense sclerosis of the bone. Osteogenesis imperfecta and fracture healing are opposites, and the study of osteogenesis imperfecta is in fact a study of the mechanism of healing.McKibbin’s discovery that there is little or no bone scab growth in human amputated bone stumps led him to establish fracture healing.The study of osteogenesis imperfecta and fracture healing is a study of the mechanism of healing.