The occurrence of sudden onset of transient blackness in one eye in the elderly is in many cases related to transient cerebral ischemia. Transient ischemic attack is a multi-causal syndrome whose main causes are atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia; in addition, cerebral hemodynamic disorders, cervical spondylosis, blood coagulation disorders, heart disease, etc. can cause TIA; according to statistics, atherosclerosis accounts for 60% of cases. Localized blood supply disorders in the brain that last for a short period of time and often recur, resulting in sudden and transient focal neurological dysfunction in the blood supply area, each episode lasts for a few minutes to 1h and does not exceed 24h to recover completely, but can recur. The most common symptoms of TIA in the internal carotid artery system are monoplegia, hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, aphasia, monocular visual impairment, etc., and isotropic hemianopia may also occur. The main manifestations: sudden onset of transient blackness in one eye, or loss of vision, or white flicker, or visual field defect, or diplopia, which can be recovered after a few minutes. Mild hemiparesis or hemianesthesia of the contralateral limb. There is transient aphasia or loss of use or reading or writing of the dominant hemisphere, or simultaneous weakness of the facial and tongue muscles. Occasionally, there is ipsilateral hemianopia. The sudden onset of transient blackness in one eye is a characteristic symptom of ischemia of the ophthalmic artery of the internal carotid artery branch. Transient psychiatric symptoms and disorders of consciousness may also be seen occasionally. 2. Transient ischemic attack of vertebrobasilar system TIA of vertebrobasilar system mainly manifests as ischemia of brainstem, cerebellum, occipital lobe, temporal lobe and proximal part of spinal cord, and neurological deficit symptoms. Major symptoms: The most common symptoms are transient vertigo, nystagmus, and unsteadiness in standing or walking. Transient double vision or visual field defects, etc. Transient dysphagia, choking on water, slurred speech or hoarseness. Transient unilateral or bilateral limb weakness, abnormal sensation. Transient hearing loss, crossed paralysis, mild hemiparesis and bilateral mild paralysis. Rarely, there may be impaired consciousness or sudden collapse episodes. Prevention TIA is a chronic recurrent clinical syndrome with significant manifestations of limited cerebral dysfunction during attacks, which affects the quality of life and work ability of patients and impairs their social adjustment to varying degrees. It is reported that the death rate after TIA is 6.3% per year, of which 31% die from cerebrovascular disease and 35% die from heart disease. Most patients with TIA have a large psychological burden, serious fear, and extreme concern about the prognosis of the disease, which leads to anxiety, paranoia, depression and other emotional disorders, and negative emotions can affect the neuroendocrine system and aggravate the change of psychological status. Significantly higher somatization factors are due to the psychosomatic reactions of patients who are overly aware of changes in their condition. In addition, the prognosis of TIA is related to advanced age, frailty, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, etc. If the TIA attack is not controlled in time, it may eventually lead to the occurrence of cerebrovascular disease, and if the TIA attack is treated in time, the prognosis is good. The causes of TIA should be actively controlled, such as controlling the blood pressure of hypertensive patients at a reasonable level, controlling the blood sugar of diabetic patients, controlling heart attacks and arrhythmias, reducing the whole blood viscosity, hematocrit, plasma viscosity and platelet agglutination, relieving vascular spasm, and treating cervical spondylosis in a timely manner.