Interferon can be applied with caution in patients with compensated cirrhosis and well compensated liver function. It is advisable to start with a small dose and gradually increase it according to the patient’s tolerance, while for progressive cirrhosis there is a risk of liver failure and treatment with nucleoside (acid) analogues is preferable. Treatment with lamivudine may delay disease progression and reduce liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma, with clinical efficacy seen mainly in patients without drug resistance. Patients with lamivudine resistance should be promptly treated with adefovir combination therapy, which is preferable to switching to adefovir monotherapy. Considering the need for long-term treatment, drugs with a lower risk of resistance such as adefovir or entecavir, or lamivudine or telbivudine in combination with adefovir, may also be preferred. The prognosis for patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis is extremely poor. Interferon is to be disabled. To select nucleoside (acid) analogues for antiviral therapy, the principles of drug selection are the same as for compensated cirrhosis, but for decompensated patients adefovir is not preferred due to its weak and slow antiviral effect and its potential nephrotoxicity. It is worth emphasizing that nucleoside (acid) analogs can rapidly inhibit HBV replication, but it still takes 3-6 months for clinical onset of effect, so treatment should be started immediately in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis, without stressing the high level of HBV DNA and elevated ALT, etc. and delaying the timing of treatment. Some patients who obtain efficacy can delay or avoid liver transplantation treatment. For those patients with end-stage cirrhosis and severe liver failure, there is still no alternative to liver transplantation. It is worth noting that antiviral therapy for patients with cirrhosis is as important as antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B. Once viral replication is found to be active, regardless of liver function and high HBVDNA levels, antiviral therapy should be administered in a timely manner, with nucleoside analogs being the longest applied, and once applied cannot be discontinued on their own. The nucleoside analogs should be used the longest. Therefore, antiviral treatment must be closely cooperated with the specialist, and the management of antiviral treatment should be reviewed regularly.