Infection is the most common complication of nephrotic syndrome and affects the outcome and prognosis, and is also a common cause of death in nephrotic syndrome. The most common sites of infection are respiratory tract, urinary tract, and currently the incidence of herpes zoster is also relatively high. The pathogens causing infection can be bacteria, viruses, and the causes of infection are as follows: First, the leakage of a large amount of protein hypoproteinemia makes the nutritional status of the whole body decrease and easy to infect. Second, a large amount of protein leakage makes the micronutrients leak out and lack, affecting the resistance of the body. Third, the patient used hormones and cytotoxic drugs, so that the body’s immune function is destroyed, thus more prone to infection, a large amount of protein leakage is easy to appear multiple plasma cavity effusion and subcutaneous effusion provides favorable conditions for infection.