Many outpatients are not very clear about the meaning of “cervical spondylosis” and “cervical spine hyperplasia” and think that cervical spine hyperplasia shown on X-ray is “cervical spondylosis”. After describing the presence of “osteophytes” and other manifestations in the imaging report, there is often a conclusion of “cervical degeneration”, which is a description of the aging phenomenon of the human body. This “degeneration” is a description of the aging phenomenon of the human body, but it does not necessarily mean that you have cervical spondylosis. The definition of “cervical spondylosis” is the clinical symptoms and signs caused by cervical disc degeneration and its secondary pathological changes that stimulate or compress the surrounding tissue structures (nerve roots, spinal cord, etc.). Hyperplasia is a manifestation of the natural degenerative process of the human body, and cervical degeneration often begins in the 20s and 30s in people who work long hours at a computer. Bone growth and degeneration do not equate to cervical spine disease. Cervical spondylosis is only called cervical spondylosis when it causes compression of adjacent anatomical structures such as the spinal cord, nerves and blood vessels and produces corresponding symptoms. The activity of the cervical spine is most susceptible to degeneration because the C5/6 level is close to the center of activity at the front end of the physiological curvature of the cervical spine, followed by C4/5 and C6/7. The site of cervical spine osteophytes is very important for the clinical manifestation of cervical spondylosis. The anterior part of the cervical vertebral body is the most common site of cervical spine osteophytes, but there are often no obvious clinical symptoms. If the hyperplastic bone is present in the spinal canal, it can easily lead to compression of the spinal nerves. Compression is a persistent and progressively worsening problem. Nerves are very delicate tissues in the body and continued compression can eventually lead to damage to the nerves themselves, resulting in ischemic atrophy and degeneration of the nerve structures. If the spinal cord is compressed for too long or to too great an extent, degeneration or cystic degeneration of the spinal cord may occur, creating a packet of fluid inside the spinal cord that impairs or even eliminates the original sensory-motor conduction function. This is called a “high signal” change on imaging. Patients with high signal in the spinal cord need to be treated with surgery as soon as possible, otherwise irreversible damage to the nerves can easily occur. Surgery is required if symptoms, signs and imaging (X-rays, MRI, etc.) confirm that there is a clear indication for surgery, such as severe compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots. The primary goal of surgery is to relieve nerve compression, directly or indirectly expand the spinal canal volume, prevent further deterioration of spinal cord damage and improve nerve function.